Re: Casting references through unions.

From:
=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Falk_Tannh=E4user?= <falk.tannhauser@crf.canon.fr>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++.moderated
Date:
12 Oct 2006 09:50:41 -0400
Message-ID:
<egku1i$jno$1@s1.news.oleane.net>
Falk Tannh?user wrote:

FWIW, it is even possible to let the compiler deduce the destination
type, letting you write
    Foo(ref_convert(e));
However, there are two important drawbacks: It will fail if Foo() is
overloaded/templatised for several parameter types, and it has much more
overhead (dynamic allocation + virtual dispatch, unless somebody comes
up with a better solution).


Another drawback is that such stuff should not be written too early in
the morning - the class lacks a working copy constructor.

Anyway, here is how to do it:

    template<typename SrcT> class ref_conv_helper
    {
      struct wrapper_base
      {
        virtual ~wrapper_base() {}
        virtual void get_src(SrcT&) = 0;


           virtual wrapper_base* clone() const = 0;

      }; // struct wrapper_base

      template<typename DstT> struct wrapper : public wrapper_base
      {
        DstT dest;
        wrapper() : dest() {}

        void get_src(SrcT& src)
        {
          // Check if dest is in range for SrcT?
          src = static_cast<SrcT>(dest);
        }


           wrapper_base* clone() const { return new wrapper(*this); }

      }; // struct wrapper

      wrapper_base* ptr;
      SrcT& src;

    public:
      explicit ref_conv_helper(SrcT& s) : ptr(0), src(s) {}


         ref_conv_helper(ref_conv_helper const& that)
           : ptr(that.ptr == 0 ? 0 : that.ptr->clone()),
             src(that.src)
         {}

      template<typename DstT> operator DstT&()
      {
        wrapper<DstT>* p = new wrapper<DstT>;
        ptr = p;
        return p->dest;
      }

      // Without the following, GCC generates compilation errors since
      // it tries to instantiate above conversion operator with DstT =
      // 'ref_conv_helper const'.
      // Comeau doesn't require this (and even warns that this operator
      // will not be called for implicit or explicit conversions).
      operator ref_conv_helper const&() { return *this; }


Another interesting thing I would like to understand is why said
instantiation takes place with GCC, but not with Comeau. Which one of
the two compilers is right? Maybe both?

      ~ref_conv_helper()
      {
        if(ptr != 0)
          ptr->get_src(src);
        delete ptr;
      }
    }; // class ref_conv_helper

    template<typename SrcT> inline
    ref_conv_helper<SrcT> ref_convert(SrcT& src)
    { return ref_conv_helper<SrcT>(src); }


Falk

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