simple reap allocator...

From:
"Chris M. Thomasson" <no@spam.invalid>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Wed, 10 Dec 2008 20:17:29 -0800
Message-ID:
<hv00l.272$5P1.95@newsfe13.iad>
Here is the crude code:
_____________________________________________________________________________
#include <cstdio>
#include <cassert>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <climits>
#include <new>

template<typename T>
struct dlink {
  dlink* m_next;
  dlink* m_prev;

  void ctor() {
    m_next = m_prev = this;
  }

private:
  inline static void prv_insert(
   dlink* n,
   dlink* prev,
   dlink* next
  ) throw() {
    next->m_prev = n;
    n->m_next = next;
    n->m_prev = prev;
    prev->m_next = n;
  }

  inline static void prv_remove(
   dlink* prev,
   dlink* next
  ) throw() {
    next->m_prev = prev;
    prev->m_next = next;
  }

public:
  inline void push_head(dlink* n) throw() {
    prv_insert(n, this, m_next);
  }

  inline void push_tail(dlink* n) throw() {
    prv_insert(n, m_prev, this);
  }

  inline void pop() throw() {
    prv_remove(m_prev, m_next);
  }

  inline T* get_head() throw() {
    return m_next->get();
  }

  inline T* get_tail() throw() {
    return m_prev->get();
  }

  inline T* get() throw() {
    return (T*)this;
  }
};

#define BITSIZE (sizeof(unsigned) * CHAR_BIT)

template<typename T, std::size_t DEPTH = 1024 * 4, std::size_t THRESHOLD =
2>
class reap_allocator {

  struct reap : public dlink<reap> {
    union block {
      block* m_next;
      double m_align;
      unsigned char m_buf[sizeof(T)];
    };

    struct allocation {
      reap* m_reap;
      block* m_block;
      block* m_next;
      bool m_flist;
    };

    struct map_node {
      std::size_t m_offset;
      std::size_t m_bit;
    };

    block m_blocks[DEPTH];
    block* m_flist;
    std::size_t m_offset;
    std::size_t m_count;
    unsigned m_map[DEPTH / BITSIZE];

    static reap* create() {
      reap* const r = (reap*)std::calloc(1, sizeof(*r));
      if (! r) { throw std::bad_alloc(); }
      return r;
    }

    void destroy() {
      flush();
      std::free(this);
    }

    void get_map_node(void* const mem_, map_node& mn) {
      unsigned char* const mem = (unsigned char*)mem_;
      mn.m_offset = (size_t)((mem - (unsigned char*)m_blocks) / sizeof(T));
      mn.m_bit = 1 << (mn.m_offset & (BITSIZE - 1));
      mn.m_offset /= BITSIZE;
    }

    void set_bit(map_node& mn) {
      m_map[mn.m_offset] |= mn.m_bit;
    }

    void clear_bit(map_node& mn) {
      m_map[mn.m_offset] &= ~mn.m_bit;
    }

    bool is_bit(map_node& mn) {
      return m_map[mn.m_offset] & mn.m_bit ? true : false;
    }

    bool allocate(allocation& a) {
      a.m_reap = this;
      a.m_block = m_flist;
      if (a.m_block) {
        a.m_next = a.m_block->m_next;
        a.m_flist = true;
        return true;
      } else {
        size_t const offset = m_offset;
        if (offset + 1 <= DEPTH) {
          a.m_block = m_blocks + offset;
          a.m_flist = false;
          return true;
        }
      }
      a.m_block = NULL;
      return false;
    }

    void allocate_commit(allocation& a) {
      map_node mn;
      get_map_node(a.m_block, mn);
      set_bit(mn);
      ++m_count;
      if (a.m_flist) {
        m_flist = a.m_next;
      } else {
        ++m_offset;
      }
    }

    std::size_t deallocate(void* const mem) {
      block* const b = (block*)mem;
      map_node mn;
      get_map_node(b, mn);
      clear_bit(mn);
      b->m_next = m_flist;
      m_flist = b;
      --m_count;
      return m_count;
    }

    void flush() {
      map_node mn;
      for (unsigned i = 0; i < m_offset && m_count; ++i) {
        get_map_node(m_blocks + i, mn);
        if (is_bit(mn)) {
          try { ((T*)m_blocks[i].m_buf)->~T(); } catch (...) {}
          clear_bit(mn);
          --m_count;
        }
      }
      assert(! m_count);
      m_offset = 0;
      m_flist = NULL;
    }

    bool is_block(void* const mem) {
      unsigned char* const b = (unsigned char*)mem;
      unsigned char* const s = (unsigned char*)m_blocks;
      unsigned char* const e = (unsigned char*)(m_blocks + DEPTH);
      return (b >= s && b < e);
    }
  };

  dlink<reap> m_reaps;
  std::size_t m_count;

  reap* prv_expand() {
    reap* const r = reap::create();
    m_reaps.push_head(r);
    ++m_count;
    return r;
  }

  void prv_shrink(reap* const r) {
    r->pop();
    r->destroy();
    --m_count;
  }

  reap* prv_find(void* const mem) {
    reap* r = m_reaps.get_head();
    while (r != &m_reaps) {
      if (r->is_block(mem)) {
        return r;
      }
      r = r->m_next->get();
    }
    assert(false);
    std::unexpected();
    return NULL;
  }

  typedef typename reap::allocation allocation;

  void prv_allocate(allocation& a) {
    reap* r = m_reaps.get_head();
    while (r != &m_reaps) {
      if (r->allocate(a)) {
        return;
      }
      r = r->m_next->get();
    }
    prv_expand()->allocate(a);
  }

  #define REAP_SYS_ALLOCATE_X(mp_params) \
    allocation a; \
    prv_allocate(a); \
    T* const obj = new (a.m_block) T mp_params; \
    a.m_reap->allocate_commit(a); \
    return obj

  #define REAP_SYS_ALLOCATE(mp_params) \
    REAP_SYS_ALLOCATE_X(mp_params)

public:
  class fguard { // flush RAII guard
    reap_allocator& m_handle;
  public:
    fguard(reap_allocator& handle) : m_handle(handle) {}
    ~fguard() { m_handle.flush(); }
  };

  reap_allocator() : m_count(0) {
    m_reaps.ctor();
    prv_expand();
  }

  ~reap_allocator() {
    flush();
    prv_shrink(m_reaps.get_head());
  }

  void flush() {
    reap* r = m_reaps.get_head();
    while (r != &m_reaps) {
      reap* const next = r->m_next->get();
      if (m_count > 1) {
        prv_shrink(r);
      } else {
        r->flush();
      }
      r = next;
    }
  }

  void deallocate(T* const obj) {
    try { obj->~T(); } catch (...) {}
    // TODO: make `deallocate()' an `O(1)' procedure!
    // (e.g., remove `prv_find()'); use alignment mask instead...
    reap* const r = prv_find(obj);
    if (! r->deallocate(obj) && m_count > THRESHOLD) {
      prv_shrink(r);
    }
  }

  T* allocate() {
    REAP_SYS_ALLOCATE(());
  }

  template<typename P1>
  T* allocate(P1 p1) {
    REAP_SYS_ALLOCATE((p1));
  }
};

struct foo {
  foo* m_next;

  foo(foo* next = NULL) : m_next(next) {
    std::printf("(%p)->foo::foo(%p)\n", (void*)this, (void*)next);
  }

  ~foo() {
    std::printf("(%p)->foo::~foo() - %p\n", (void*)this, (void*)m_next);
  }
};

int main() {

  {
    reap_allocator<foo> a;
    foo* head = NULL;

    for (unsigned r = 0; r < 25; ++r) {
      reap_allocator<foo>::fguard fg(a);

      for (unsigned i = 0; i < (r + 1) * 10; ++i) {
        head = a.allocate(head);
      }

      foo* h = head->m_next->m_next->m_next->m_next;
      while (h) {
        foo* n = h->m_next;
        a.deallocate(h);
        h = n;
      }

      a.allocate();
      a.allocate();
      a.allocate();
      a.allocate();
      a.allocate();
      a.allocate();
      a.deallocate(a.allocate());

      head = NULL;
    }
  }

  return 0;
}
_____________________________________________________________________________

As you can see, the reap allocator uses a very simple, fine-grain bitmap
algorithm to ensure that calls to `reap_allocator<T>::flush()' do not call
the dtor of a free object. This algorithm acts as both region and heap
allocation schemes. There is a paper on the idea of merging regions/heaps:

http://www.cs.umass.edu/~emery/pubs/berger-oopsla2002.pdf

IMVHO, its fairly useful. Its also completely exception-safe; the following
code is not a memory leak:

reap_allocator<foo> ralloc;
for (;;) {
  reap_allocator<foo>::fguard fg(ralloc);
  ralloc.allocate(); ralloc.allocate();
  ralloc.allocate(); ralloc.allocate();
  ralloc.allocate(); ralloc.allocate();
}

`reap_allocator<T>::allocate()' can potentially throw because it invokes
ctor of object `T'. Luckily, this does not adversely effect state of the
allocator `ralloc' and/or the application as no memory leaks occur. The RAII
object `fg' will automatically flush the local instance of the reap object
`ralloc' before the next iteration of the naked `for (;;)' loop.

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