wcout, VS2008 and UTF-16

From:
"Martin T." <0xCDCDCDCD@gmx.at>
Newsgroups:
microsoft.public.vc.stl
Date:
Sun, 09 Aug 2009 22:42:48 +0200
Message-ID:
<h5ncrg$vsf$1@news.eternal-september.org>
Greetings.

I'm am currently trying to output wchar_t (== UTF-16) to the windows
console. (The console can display UTF_16 just fine if you change the
font to lucida console - easiest verified with adding a filename with
some greek or cyrillic characters in it and calling dir)

Now, my problem is, that the default wcout stream on windows will
convert wchar_t characters to multibyte.
One can overcome this by adding codecvt like described here:
http://www.ddj.com/cpp/184403638;jsessionid=ADO5UI2ASFTGBQE1GHOSKHWATMY32JVN?pgno=1

However, this only works for binary streams.

The reason that it does not work with wcout is that
basic_filebuf<wchar_t, ..> , on which wcout is based will use fputwc(..)
internally. This function will still try to convert the wchar_t to
multibyte unless the stream is opened in binary mode.

So ... is it possible at all to get wcout to send full UTF-16 to the
console?

thanks,
Martin

Test code:
main.cpp
########
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <stdexcept>
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>

#include <locale>

using std::codecvt ;
typedef codecvt < wchar_t , char , mbstate_t > NullCodecvtBase ;

class NullCodecvt : public NullCodecvtBase
{
public:
    typedef wchar_t elem_t;
    typedef char outp_t;
    typedef mbstate_t state_t;

    explicit NullCodecvt(size_t r=0 ) : NullCodecvtBase(r) { }

protected:
    virtual result do_in(state_t& /* conversion state */,
                         const outp_t* /* begin convert */,
                                             const outp_t* /* end convert */,
                                             const outp_t*& /* next convert */,
                                             elem_t* /* begin converted */,
                                             elem_t* /* end converted */,
                                             elem_t*& /* next converted */) const {
        return noconv ;
    }

    virtual result do_out(state_t& ,
                          const elem_t* ,
                                                const elem_t* ,
                                                const elem_t*& ,
                                                outp_t* ,
                                                elem_t* ,
                                                outp_t*& ) const {
        return noconv ;
    }

    virtual result do_unshift(state_t& ,
                              outp_t* ,
                                                        outp_t* ,
                                                        outp_t*& ) const {
        return noconv ;
    }

    virtual int do_length(state_t& ,
                          const outp_t* _F1,
                          const outp_t* _L1,
                                                size_t _N2) const _THROW0() {
        return (_N2 < (size_t)(_L1 - _F1)) ? _N2 : _L1 - _F1 ;
    }

    virtual bool do_always_noconv() const _THROW0() {
        return true ;
    }

    virtual int do_max_length() const _THROW0() {
        return 2 ;
    }

    virtual int do_encoding() const _THROW0() {
        return 2 ;
    }
};

int main()
{
    using namespace std;
    try {
        // --- init locale ---
        const char* locale_id = "german_Germany";
        setlocale(LC_ALL, locale_id); // Need to set C locale for fputwc
conversions
        std::locale newloc(std::locale(locale_id), new NullCodecvt());
        std::locale::global( newloc );

        // --- try with wofstream ---
        wofstream f;
        f.exceptions( ios::badbit | ios::failbit | ios::eofbit );
        f.imbue( newloc );
        // wchar_t output requires binary output !! (otherwise fputwc fails to
write non-basic wchar_t characters)
        f.open("testuni.txt", ios_base::out | ios_base::binary);

        // Output works just fine on a Latin1 Windows (e.g. german)
        // (But note that we need to supply \r\n for a binary file)
        f << L"aAbB ... ???? ... ? ? ? ...\r\n";
        f << L"\u03C9 (greek omega) \r\n";
        f.close();

        // --- try with wcout ---
        wcout.exceptions( ios::badbit | ios::failbit | ios::eofbit );
        wcout.imbue( newloc );
        wcout << L"aAbB ... ???? ... ? ? ? ...\n"; // Works just fine on
(Latin1 charset)
        wcout << L"\u03C9 (greek omega) \n"; // Will set badbit, since fputwc
fails

    } catch(std::exception const& e) {
        cerr << "X!: " << e.what() << endl;
        return 1;
    }
    return 0;
}

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