C++11 Variadic Templates: Format("I %%% about %%% of %%%","dream", 7, 9) == "I dream about 7 of 9"

From:
Andrew Tomazos <andrew@tomazos.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Mon, 28 Nov 2011 04:02:39 -0800 (PST)
Message-ID:
<3ba3c7dc-3f53-4abb-b103-8592b0db9391@r28g2000yqj.googlegroups.com>
I wanted to write a function that takes a string containing a number
of placeholders and a corresponding number of other parameters
(perhaps non-pod) and returns a string with the placeholders replaced
with stringified versions of the parameters:

For example:

    Format("I %%% about %%% of %%%","dream", 7, 9)

....would evaluate to...

    "I dream about 7 of 9"

....in a similar way to what...

    ostringstream os;
    os << "I " << "dream" << " about " << 7 << " of " << 9;
    return os.str();

....would do.

I'm using gcc 4.6 in -std=c++0x mode so Variadic Templates are
available.

I haven't used Variadic Templates before. My first draft is below. It
appears to work, but it's using a linear recursion. My question is,
is there a way to write it iteratively?

Basically in my recursive solution I define...

    Format(s):
        output(s)

....as the base case and then...

    Format(s, head, tail...):
    divide s into three substrings: (eg "foo %%% bar %%% baz")
        1. before_first_placeholder (eg "foo ")
        2. first_placeholder (eg "%%%")
        3. after_first_placeholder (eg " bar %%% baz")

    output(before_first_placeholder)
    output(head)
    output(Format(after_first_placeholder, tail))

....as the recursive case.

Working code and a test case is below. Feedback/thoughts appreciated.

============================ CUT HERE
==========================================
// (C) 2011, Andrew Tomazos <http://www.tomazos.com>

#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class StringFormatException {};

const string g_sPlaceholder("%%%");

template <class ... T>
inline string Format(const string& sFormat, const T& ...);

template <class ... T>
inline string Format(const string& sFormat)
{
        size_t iFirstPlaceholderPos = sFormat.find(g_sPlaceholder);

        if (iFirstPlaceholderPos != string::npos)
                throw StringFormatException();

        return sFormat;
}

template <class Head, class ... Tail>
inline string Format(const string& sFormat, const Head& head, const
Tail& ... tail)
{
        stringstream os;

        size_t iFirstPlaceholderPos = sFormat.find(g_sPlaceholder);

        if (iFirstPlaceholderPos == string::npos)
                throw StringFormatException();
        else
        {
                string sFront(sFormat, 0, iFirstPlaceholderPos);
                string sBack(sFormat, iFirstPlaceholderPos +
g_sPlaceholder.size());

                os << sFront << head << Format(sBack, tail ... );
        }

        return os.str();
}

int main()
{
        if (Format("I %%% about %%% of %%%","dream", 7, 9) == "I dream
about 7 of 9")
                cout << "pass" << endl;
        else
                cout << "fail" << endl;

        return 0;
}
============================ CUT HERE
==========================================

Tested as follows:
    $ cat > test.cpp
        <paste above>
    $ g++ --version
    g++ (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.6.1-9ubuntu3) 4.6.1
    $ g++ -std=c++0x test.cpp
    $ a.out
    pass

Enjoy,
  Andrew.

--
Andrew Tomazos <andrew@tomazos.com> <http://www.tomazos.com>

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