Re: Code Help

From:
"Alf P. Steinbach" <alfps@start.no>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Thu, 28 Feb 2008 00:32:43 +0100
Message-ID:
<13sbsp0hal6at44@corp.supernews.com>
* aaronWbryant@gmail.com:

yes I see that now, I have just started started using my debugger and
it crashes when fname = "Bob"; After that statement Bob does get
stored in fname but it crashes.

  Here is the updated functions.cpp

   #include "MyString.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>

using namespace std;

MyString :: MyString()
{
    size = 0;
    capacity = size + 1;
    data = new char[capacity];
    data[0] = '\0';
}

MyString :: MyString(char * s)
{
    size = strlen(s);
    capacity = size + 1;
    data = new char[capacity];
    while (size >= capacity)
    {
        grow();
    }

This loop body will never execute.

     strcpy(data, s);
    data[size + 1] = '\0';
}

MyString :: MyString (const MyString& s)
{
    size = s.size;
    capacity = size + 1;
    data = new char[capacity];
    while (size >= capacity)
    {
        grow();
    }

This loop body will never execute.

     strcpy(data, s.data);
    data[size] = '\0';
}

MyString :: ~MyString()
{
    delete []data;
}

 MyString MyString :: operator =(const MyString& s)


Uhuh -- that result type should be a reference.

{
    delete [] data;

    size = s.size;
    capacity = size + 1;
    data = new char[capacity];

If this throws you're screwed, having already changed size and capacity.

     while (size >= capacity)
    {
        grow();
    }

This loop body will never execute.

     strcpy(data, s.data);
    data[size + 1] = '\0';
    return *this;
}


The default way to implement operator= is

   void MyString::swap( MyString& other ) throw()
   {
       std::swap( size, other.size );
       std::swap( capacity, other.capacity );
       std::swap( data, other.data );
   }

   MyString& MyString::operator=( MyString other )
   {
       swap( other ); return *this;
   }

MyString& MyString :: append (const MyString& s)
{
    size += s.size;
    while(size >= capacity)
    {
        grow();
    }
    strcat(data, s.data);
    data[size + 1] = '\0';
    return *this;
}

MyString& MyString :: erase()
{
    size = 0;
    data[0] = '\0';
    return *this;
}

MyString MyString :: operator + (const MyString& s) const
{
  char *addition;
  addition = new char[strlen(data) + strlen(s.data)];
  strcpy(addition, strcat(data, s.data));


Uh oh.

  addition[size] = '\0';
  return addition;
}


Consider

   MyString MyString::operator+( MyString const& s ) const
   {
       MyString result( *this );

       result.append( s );
       return result;
   }

Since it's much simpler, fixes that bug.

Also, consider making that a freestanding function, in order to support

   "blah blah" + someMyString

bool MyString :: operator == (const MyString& s)
{
  if (strcmp(data, s.data) == 0)
  {
  return true;
  }

  else
  {
  return false;
  }
}


Consider

   bool MyString::operator==( MyString const& s ) const
   {
       return (strcmp( data, s.data ) == 0);
   }

Note the essential 'const'.

You want to be able to compare const strings and rvalue strings, don't you?

Also, see above comment about operator+.

bool MyString :: operator < (const MyString& s)
{
  if (strcmp(data, s.data) < 0)
  {
  return true;
  }

  else
  {
  return false;
  }
}


See above.

bool MyString :: operator > (const MyString& s)
{
  if (strcmp(data , s.data) > 0)
  {
  return true;
  }

  else
  {
  return false;
  }
}


See above.

bool MyString :: operator <= (const MyString& s)
{
  if (strcmp(data, s.data) <= 0)
  {
  return true;
  }

  else
  {
  return false;
  }
}


See above.

bool MyString :: operator >= (const MyString& s)
{
  if (strcmp(data, s.data) >= 0)
  {
  return true;
  }

  else
  {
  return false;
  }
}


See above.

bool MyString :: operator != (const MyString& s)
{
  if (!strcmp(data, s.data))
  {
  return true;
  }

  else
  {
  return false;
  }
}


See above.

void MyString :: operator += (const MyString& s)
{
  size += s.size;
  capacity = size + 1;
    while(size >= capacity)
    {
        grow();
    }
    strcat(data, s.data);
    data[size] = '\0';
}


See above.

char& MyString :: operator [] (int n)
{
  return data[n];
}


Would be nice with a checking 'at' too.

But more important, don't forget a const version.

You want to be able to index const and rvalue strings, don't you?

void MyString :: getline (istream& in)
{
    size = 0;
    char c;
    in.get(c);
    while(c != '\n' && in)
    {
        data[size] = c;
        size++;
        if (size >= capacity)
        {
            grow();
        }
        in.get(c);
    }
    data[size] = '\0';
}


Design: i/o has no business being in this class!

void MyString :: grow()
{
    char *temp;
    temp = data;
    capacity *= 2;
    data = new char[capacity];
    strcpy(data, temp);
    data[size] = '\0';
    delete [] temp;
}


If you had a constructor taking a capacity, you could do

   void MyString::grow()
   {
       (MyString( 2*capacity ) = *this).swap( *this );
   }

int MyString :: length () const
{
    return size;
}

ostream& operator<< (ostream& out, MyString& m)
{
  out << m.data << endl;
  return out;
}


Design: i/o has no business being in this class!

Cheers, & hth.,

- Alf

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