Re: why are missing return statements from non-void functions not a compilation error

From:
Ulrich Eckhardt <eckhardt@satorlaser.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++.moderated
Date:
Wed, 28 Jul 2010 14:21:43 CST
Message-ID:
<ohv4i7-2fs.ln1@satorlaser.homedns.org>
Andrew wrote:

In the process of cleaning up some legacy C++ code I have been
eliminating various compiler warnings I am getting from Visual Studio.
One of them, C4715, is "not all control paths return a value". Sure
enough, the function in question has a return type of int, and there
are various embedded returns but no final return at the end, a control
path that it can get to.

So my question is, "why is this not a fatal compilation error?".


There are other ways to leave a function that don't involve return. The
compiler may not be able to detect if such a way is involved in the code.

Examples:
 - throwing an exception
 - terminating (abort(), exit())
 - unreachable code

Further, I note that GCC does not even issue a warning (at least not
with the default warning level).


GCC issues pretty much no warnings at all by default. Any sane programmer
uses -W... therefore.

Surely it is just plain wrong to say that a function returns an int
(say) and then just have 'return' with no value.


Actually, that _is_ a case that will be flagged by the compiler, but that is
something different than falling off the end of a function.

Doesn't that mean that effectively the return value will be random.
How can this ever be right?


Falling off the end of a non-void function causes "undefined behaviour".
That means that the C++ standard doesn't make any requirement on the
behaviour.

Uli

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