Re: Question on CRTP static member initialization with GCC

From:
Chris Vine <chris@cvine--nospam--.freeserve.co.uk>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Tue, 22 Jul 2014 13:57:25 +0100
Message-ID:
<20140722135725.68ff9f6a@laptop.homenet>
On Mon, 21 Jul 2014 18:32:46 -0700 (PDT)
arkadiy@cardspring.com wrote:

I'm trying to use CRTP for static inheritance, like so:

parent.h:
template<typename Derived>
class Parent {
  static int s_number;
};

child.h:
class Child : Parent<Child> {
};

When I try to use Child::s_number I get a "Symbol not found" runtime
error. It seems that since template instantiation is lazy I need to
force it to initialize with:

(solution 1)

child.cpp:
template<>
int Child::Parent<Child>::s_number = 0;

However I have many child classes and it is a pain to initialize that
everywhere, so I tried the solution in this post:
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/24725152/force-explicit-template-instantiation-with-crtp

Namely by doing:

(solution 2)

template <typename T, T>
struct NonTypeParameter {};

typedef NonTypeParameter<int&, s_number> dummy;

After additional testing I've found that if I use only solution 1
then I won't get any crashes when compiling with GCC 4.7.3 on my
Linux Ubuntu machine, but it does crash using GCC 4.7.3 on my Mac.
Using only solution 2 it will work on my Mac, but crash on my Linux
machine. Using both solutions it compiles successfully and doesn't
crash anywhere.

Has anyone encountered this problem before, and/or knows a portable
way of making sure CRTP static members are initialized properly?


If you make 's_number' a public member and use public instead of private
inheritance so that it is accessible, and declare the member in the
header, it should work (see below). This will share the s_number
variable amongst all Parent classes having the same Derived type. If
you want to have a variable which is shared amongst all Parent objects
irrespective of the Derived type, you will need to have a global
variable. If you have an order-of-instantiation/initialisation hiatus
in your code, you may want to instantiate 's_number' explicitly at a
time of your choosing rather than let the compiler do it when ODR-used,
say by an explicit 'template <> int Parent<Child>::s_number = 0'
statement in a suitable *.cpp (non-header) file, but normally that is
not necessary.

By the way, when your refer to a "runtime" error presumably you really
mean a link-time error?

Chris

parent.h:
template<typename Derived>
class Parent {
public:
  static int s_number;
};
template<typename Derived>
int Parent<Derived>::s_number = 0;

child.h:
class Child : public Parent<Child> {
};

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