Questions about new range for

Hi all,

I am trying out the new range for and I have some questions when it is
being used as a map.

I see the standard says (6.5.4) that range-based for is equivalent to
{
    auto && __range = range-init;
    for ( auto __begin = begin-expr,
       __end = end-expr;
       __begin != __end;
       ++__begin ) {
          for-range-declaration = *__begin;
          statement
    }
}

So for a std::map I think the second _RangeT is a class type - is the
section that applies and it calls begin() and end() on my may - but the
example I tried with an iterator doesnt work.

My other general question is - Are the other examples correct/bad
style/work by luck etc. I dont understand how range-based for works with
a map.

Any help/discussion is appreciated.

Thanks

Adrian Cornish

#include <iostream>
#include <map>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    typedef std::map<int, std::string> Map;
    Map arr={{9, "nine"}, {8,"eight"}, {7,"seven"}, {6, "six"}, {5,
"five"}};

    // Test1
    for(std::pair<int, std::string> i : arr)
    {
       std::cout << i.first << ' ' << i.second << ',';
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;

    // same as Test1 I believe
    // Test2
    for(Map::value_type i : arr)
    {
       std::cout << i.first << ' ' << i.second << ',';
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;

    // Test3
//error: invalid initialization of reference of type
// 'std::pair<int, std::basic_string<char> >&' from expression of type
// 'std::pair<const int, std::basic_string<char> >'
//
// for(std::pair<int, std::string> &i : arr)
// {
// std::cout << i.first << ' ' << i.second << ',';
// }
// std::cout << std::endl;

    // Test4
    // Maybe this is not the same as Test3 - since the above will not
compile
    for(Map::value_type &i : arr)
    {
       std::cout << i.first << ' ' << i.second << ',';
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;

    // Test5
    for(const Map::value_type &i : arr)
    {
       std::cout << i.first << ' ' << i.second << ',';
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;

    // And this works but the not const reference of std::pair does not
    // Test6
    for(const std::pair<int, std::string> i : arr)
    {
       std::cout << i.first << ' ' << i.second << ',';
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;

    // Test7
    // I really dont get why an iterator does not work? And what does it
mean by
    // non-scalar type
// error: conversion from 'std::pair<const int, std::basic_string<char> >'
// to non-scalar type 'std::map<int, std::basic_string<char>
 >::const_iterator
// {aka std::_Rb_tree_const_iterator<std::pair<const int,
// std::basic_string<char> > >}' requested
// for(Map::const_iterator i : arr)
// {
// std::cout << i->first << ' ' << i->second << ',';
// }
// std::cout << std::endl;

    // Test8
    for(auto i : arr)
    {
       // What is i here
       std::cout << i.first << ' ' << i.second << ',';
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;

    return 0;
}