Re: Strings with Templates not working?

From:
 James Kanze <james.kanze@gmail.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Thu, 21 Jun 2007 09:55:45 -0000
Message-ID:
<1182419745.425158.275070@n2g2000hse.googlegroups.com>
On Jun 20, 10:27 pm, Markus Pitha <newsgroupsNOS...@pithax.net> wrote:

    [...]

I have an old C book. They write the following in this book:

free(head);
head = head->next;

I thought this can not work, because how can I free the "head" of the
list _at first_ without losing the whole list?


It's undefined behavior. It happened to work with some early
implementations. (In practice, it will work with a lot of
current implementations, at least in a single threaded
environment.) By chance. Don't do it.

The obvious correct way to do this is:

    TKnoten* tmp = head->next ;
    free( head ) ;
    head = tmp ;

template <class T>
T ListT<T>::get(int i) {
    TKnoten *iterator = new TKnoten();


HUH? Why are you creating another 'TKnoten' here?


How can I iterate over the whole list then without an extra object?


Why do you need an extra object to iterate over the whole list?
My pre-standard DLList didn't have one. Type-checking is a bit
easier to manage if you have the extra object, but what I did
was define a basic node class, without any data, but with the
pointers, and then derive from that with the data. Something
like:

    struct Node
    {
        Node* next ;
        Node* prec ;
    } ;

    template< typename T >
    struct ConcreteNode : public Node
    {
        T value ;
    } ;

The DLList class contained a Node which served as root, so to
iterate, you'd do something like:

    for ( Node* current = root.next ;
            current != &root ;
            current = current->next ) {
        ConcreteNode< T >* p
            = static_cast< ConcreteNode< T >* >( current ) ;
        // ...
    }

Alternatively, you can use special values in the pointers at the
end (NULL works fine), and keep separate head and tail pointers
in the List object, so iteration becomes:

    for ( Node* current = first ;
            current != NULL ;
            current = current->next ) ...

This is perhaps easier to understand than using a circular list
with a dedicated node, but requires special casing for
insertions and deletions at either end.

--
James Kanze (GABI Software, from CAI) email:james.kanze@gmail.com
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