Re: Automatically create a clone() function for derived classes

From:
blargg.ei3@gishpuppy.com (blargg)
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Sun, 22 Feb 2009 15:10:14 -0600
Message-ID:
<blargg.ei3-2202091510140001@192.168.1.4>
In article <l3znl.97$zj6.74@read4.inet.fi>, Juha Nieminen
<nospam@thanks.invalid> wrote:
[...]

class Base
{
 public:
    virtual Base* clone() const { return new Base(*this); }

    // other stuff here
};

  The problem is that this clone() function must be replicated in all
the derived classes as well, and their implementation is always the
same, except for the type which is being allocated. For example:

class Derived: public Base
{
 public:
    virtual Base* clone() const { return new Derived(*this); }
};

  It's not only tedious to have to write this line in each of the
derived classes, but it's also error-prone: If you ever forget to add
that line to some derived class, no compiler error will happen, and the
program will even run, but when cloning a derived object using a base
type pointer, you get a crippled copy, so the whole thing malfunctions,
and it might malfunction in a very non-obvious way which is hard to
track and debug.

  Isn't there any way of automating this process?

[...]

Odd-ball approach that comes to mind, if compile-time checking is
insisted on:

    class Clonable {
    protected:
        template<class T>
        Clonable( T const* t )
        {
            // ensure that T implements covariant clone
            if ( false )
                t = t->clone();
        }
        
        // OK to remove this
        virtual Clonable* clone() const = 0;
    };
    
    class Base : protected virtual Clonable {
    public:
        Base() : Clonable( this ) { }
        Base* clone() const { return new Base( *this ); }
    };
    
    class Derived : public Base {
    public:
        Derived() : Clonable( this ) { }
        Derived* clone() const { return new Derived( *this ); }
    };
    
    class Error : public Derived {
    public:
        // error, Clonable doesn't have default ctor
        Error() /* : Clonable() */ { }
    };
    
    class Error2 : public Derived {
    public:
        // error, clone() doesn't return Error2*
        Error2() : Clonable( this ) { }
    };
    
You could probably use a similar approach, with Clonable generating the
clone function automatically, and the derived class just needing to pass
'this' to Clonable so that its template will be instantiated for the
derived type.

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