shared_ptr cycles

From:
Christopher <cpisz@austin.rr.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Wed, 6 May 2009 20:36:29 -0700 (PDT)
Message-ID:
<38d6d0d2-ec52-4baf-952a-a6aff3b52f4f@t10g2000vbg.googlegroups.com>
I am not sure I understand this. I am need to before I get myself in
trouble!

"Because the implementation uses reference counting, cycles of
shared_ptr instances will not be reclaimed. For example, if main()
holds a shared_ptr to A, which directly or indirectly holds a
shared_ptr back to A, A's use count will be 2. Destruction of the
original shared_ptr will leave A dangling with a use count of 1. Use
weak_ptr to "break cycles." "

How would a shared pointer to A, directly or indirectly hold a shared
pointer back to A?
Shared pointers hold regular pointers as far as I know?

This is the only situation I can come up with, which I would more
easily describe as "If any shared pointer that already contains a raw
pointer B, is assigned to a shared pointer that already contains B,
the reference count is incremented and will not be decremented back to
zero, when those shared pointers are destroyed" I am not even sure if
that would happen, because ...isn't the reference count decremented
when a shared pointer is assigned?

int main()
{
   boost::shared_ptr<MyClass> ptr1 = new MyClass();
   boost::shared_ptr<MyClass> ptr2 = ptr1; // increment ref count
to 2

   ptr1 = ptr2; // decrement ref count for assignment and then
increment?

   // what's the ref count? Is this what they are describing as a
"cycle"?

   return 0;
}

I am not sure if that is the situation or not. I can't think of any
other situation. Can someone please give examples?

I am about to implement a copy constructor and an assingment operator
for a class which contains shared pointers and I am wary that I might
be creating "cycles" if I do that.

I am also curious, if the above situation is what they are describing,
can't I prevent it by:

int main()
{
   boost::shared_ptr<MyClass> ptr1 = new MyClass();
   boost::shared_ptr<MyClass> ptr2 = ptr1; // increment ref count
to 2

   if( ptr1.get() != ptr2.get() )
   {
      ptr1 = ptr2;
   }

   return 0;
}

and if so, why didn't they do it in the implementation of the shared
ptr?

I am sure I am missing something...
shared pointers have been working great so far, but I haven't had any
copy construction or assignment of classes that contained them yet.

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