Re: Structure mapping using reinterpret_cast.

From:
Bart van Ingen Schenau <bart@ingen.ddns.info>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++.moderated
Date:
Wed, 24 Jun 2009 03:52:30 CST
Message-ID:
<3758243.YBGnq0maoi@ingen.ddns.info>
Alf P. Steinbach wrote:

* Olivier:

That is, given :

struct A { int a; int b; };
struct B { int c; };

the following code is guaranteed to work :

     A a;
     B &b = *reinterpret_cast<B *>(&a);

     b.c = 12;
     assert(a.a == b.c);

And this assert should never fail.


The above is formally guaranteed by ?9.2/17 and flatly contradicted by
?5.2.10 (in particular ?5.2.10/1 "No other conversion can be performed
explicitly").


That is both false.
Clause 9.2/17 only guarantees the following:

   A a;
   a.a = 0;
   int* p = reinterpret_cast<int*>(&a);
   *p = 42;
   assert(a.a == 42);

And clause 5.2.10 does not prohibit any pointer conversions (the
conversions A* -> B* and A* -> int* are both covered by 5.2.10/7).

<snip - false conclusions>

By extension, if that is true, the following code should be
guaranteed to work :

     #include <iostream>

     // Base class containing the data.
     class A
     {
     public:
         A( int val = 0 ) : val_(val) { }

     protected:
         int get_value( ) const
         { return val_; }

     private:
          int val_;
     };

     // Interface class that uses A's data.
     class B : public A
     {
     public:
         int function( ) const
         { return get_value() / 2; }
     };

     // Another interface class that uses A's data.
     class C : public A
     {
     public:
         int function( ) const
         { return get_value() * 2; }
     };

     int main( )
     {
         A *a = new A(12);

         B *b = reinterpret_cast<B *>(a);
         std::cout << b->function() << "\n";

         C *c = reinterpret_cast<C *>(a);
         std::cout << c->function() << "\n";

         delete a;
     }

If this isn't the case, could anyone quote the entry in the standard
that states this code yields undefined behavior ?


?5.2.10/1 "No other conversion can be performed explicitly" and yours
isn't listed. Note that the above aren't POD types so ?9.2/17 does not
apply.


The conversion is listed in 5.2.10/7. 9.2/17 does indeed not apply, but
what makes the code have UB is clause 3.10/15.

Cheers & hth.,

- Alf


Bart v Ingen Schenau
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