Re: Using swap idiom for exception safety in a constructor

From:
goran.pusic@gmail.com
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Wed, 4 Apr 2012 05:07:36 -0700 (PDT)
Message-ID:
<21443010.167.1333541256069.JavaMail.geo-discussion-forums@yncc6>
On Wednesday, April 4, 2012 2:52:52 AM UTC+2, Alex wrote:

Hi, I want to ensure exception safety inside a constructor by creating a temporary object and then swapping it with *this:

class Test {
public:
    Test(int value) : p(0)
    {
        Test tmp;
        tmp.initialize(value); // In case of exception, tmp is destroyed
        swap(tmp);
    }

    ~Test()
    {
        if (p) delete p;
    };

    swap(Test& other) {...}

private:
    Test() : p(0) {}
    
    void initialize(int value)
    {
       p = new X(value, ...);
       // and more members...
    }

private:
    X * p;
    // And many more members...
};

I wanted to know:
a) Is this a common approach?
b) What other options do you recommend when this is not possible (e.g. Test has pure-virtual methods so I can't instantiate the tmp object)?

Thanks


(If I understand you correctly... I presume you have e.g. Y* p2, Z* p3 etc. as a member of Test)

This is not good, and I would hazard it's not common either. It's bad because you just moved the leak from "this" to tmp.Initialize: e.g. if "new p2" fails, p1 is leaked.

One correct approach is e.g.:

class Test
{
X* p1; Y* p2;
public:
Test(A a, B b) : p1(0), p2(0)
{
// can-throw zone here
  auto_ptr<X> P1(new X(a)); // unique_ptr in C++11?
  auto_ptr<Y> P2(new X(b));
// no-throw zone here
  p1 = P1.release();
  p2 = P2.release();
}
~Test()
{ // look, ma, no if-s!
  delete p1; delete p2;
}
};

In short, use of auto_ptr in the constructor ensures proper cleanup.

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