Re: Overloading a template member function with a dependent name

From:
"Alf P. Steinbach /Usenet" <alf.p.steinbach+usenet@gmail.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Sat, 21 May 2011 01:30:16 +0200
Message-ID:
<ir6t5h$cik$1@dont-email.me>
* mlimber, on 20.05.2011 23:21:

On May 20, 5:21 pm, "Alf P. Steinbach /Usenet"<alf.p.steinbach
+use...@gmail.com> wrote:

* mlimber, on 20.05.2011 22:37:

I'm trying to overload a template member function with a dependent
name involved. The following does not work as I'd like:

   class C
   {
   public:
     template<class Iter>
     void Foo( Iter )
     {
       std::cout<< "Normal\n";
     }

     template<class T, std::size_t N>
     void Foo( typename std::tr1::array<T,N>::iterator )
     {
       std::cout<< "Special\n";
     }
   };

   int main()
   {
     C c;
     std::tr1::array<int,10> a1;
     c.Foo( a1.begin() ); // Doesn't print "Special"!
   }

How can I get that last line in main() to invoke the special C::Foo()?


Why there is a problem:

<code>
      template< class Type>
      struct Foo
      {
          typedef int T;
      };

      template< class Type>
      void foo( typename Type::T ) {}

      int main()
      {
          foo( 666 ); // !Nope
      }
</code>

This does not compile because the compiler cannot deduce the template parameter.
It cannot because it would be an unbounded reverse lookup: given the actual
argument type `int`, find the type `Type` that has a member typedef of `T` with
type `int`. There can be zillions or none of such types.

There are techniques that sometimes can be used to still do something /like/ you
seem to be aiming for.

One crucial question for applicability of such techniques here is N: do you need
to know it? In that case I don't know any solution other than changing the
design. I don't think it can be inferred from the iterator type, at all.


Thanks, Alf. I don't need N (it would be sugar to have it, but since
I'm actually passing in begin and end, I can calculate it). So do
tell!


Uh, I don't have a suitable implementation to test with, since the g++ 4.4.1
tr1/array has just raw pointers as iterators. Not much can be deduced from a raw
pointer type! But as an example of some of the ideas,

<code>
     #include <iterator>
     #include <iostream>
     #include <tr1/array>
     #include <vector>

     #ifdef FOR_REAL
         template< class Type, int n >
         struct MyArray
             : std::tr1::array< Type, n >
         {};
     #else
         template< class Type, int n >
         struct MyArray
         {
             Type data;

             typedef std::iterator< std::random_access_iterator_tag, Type >
iterator;
             iterator begin() { return iterator(); }
             Type& operator[]( int i ) { return data; }
         };
     #endif

     template< class A, class B > struct IsSameType{ enum { yes = false }; };
     template< class Type > struct IsSameType< Type, Type >{ enum { yes = true }; };

     #define STATIC_ASSERT( e ) typedef char shouldBeTrue[(e)?1:-1]
     STATIC_ASSERT(
         !(IsSameType<
             std::vector<int>::iterator,
             MyArray<int, 10>::iterator
             >::yes)
         );
     STATIC_ASSERT(
         !(IsSameType<
             int*,
             MyArray<int, 10>::iterator
             >::yes)
         );

     namespace detail {
         struct AGeneralIter {};
         struct ASpecialIter {};

         template< class Iter, class Pointee >
         struct IteratorCategory
         {
             typedef AGeneralIter T;
         };

         // These can possibly be generated by the Boost macro repeat support.

         template< class Pointee >
         struct IteratorCategory< typename MyArray< Pointee, 10 >::iterator,
Pointee >
         {
             typedef ASpecialIter T;
         };
     } // namespace detail

     class C
     {
     private:

         template< class IterCategory, class Iter > struct Impl;

         template< class Iter >
         struct Impl< detail::AGeneralIter, Iter >
         {
             static void foo( Iter )
             {
                 std::cout << "Normal\n";
             }
         };

         template< class Iter >
         struct Impl< detail::ASpecialIter, Iter >
         {
             static void foo( Iter )
             {
                 std::cout << "Special\n";
             }
         };

     public:
         template< class Iter >
         void foo( Iter it )
         {
             typedef typename std::iterator_traits< Iter >::value_type
Pointee;
             typedef typename detail::IteratorCategory< Iter, Pointee >::T
Category;

             Impl< Category, Iter >::foo( it );
         }
     };

     int main()
     {
         C c;

         MyArray< int, 10 > a1;
         c.foo( &a1[0] ); // If the code compiles, prints "Normal".
         c.foo( a1.begin() ); // If the code compiles, prints "Special".
     }
</code>

Simply define FOR_REAL to check how it fares for your tr1/array implementation.

Or, at least I hope that that's possible; naturally I haven't been able to test
that! ;-)

Cheers, & sorry but on 2nd thought I don't think this helps with imm. prob.,

- Alf

--
blog at <url: http://alfps.wordpress.com>

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