Re: Limiting classes that a template parameter can be interpreted as

From:
"Alf P. Steinbach" <alfps@start.no>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Sun, 03 Feb 2008 22:18:41 +0100
Message-ID:
<13qcc1fg8rdl0f@corp.supernews.com>
* Chris Swiedler:

How do I limit a template parameter to a specific set of classes? If I
write code like

class MyStream1
{
public:
   void Write(...) {}
};

class MyStream2
{
public:
   void Write(...) {}
};

template <class S> S & operator<<(S &lhs, int rhs) { lhs.Write(rhs);
return lhs; }

MyStream1 ms1;
MyStream2 ms2;
ms1 << 5;
ms2 << 5;
std::cout << 5;

... then the compiler complains that ostream doesn't have a Write
method, i.e. it's using my overloaded free operator<< to stream into
an ostream, which is obviously bad. I then tried:

class MyStream1
{
public:
   typedef MyStream1 StreamType;

   void Write(...) {}
};

class MyStream2
{
public:
   typedef MyStream2 StreamType;

   void Write(...) {}
};

template <class S> class S::StreamType & operator<< (class
S::StreamType &lhs, int rhs) { lhs.Write(rhs); return lhs;}


That would need to be

   template< class S >
   typename S::StreamType& operator<<(
       typename S::StreamType& lhs, int rhs
       );

MyStream1 ms1;
MyStream2 ms2;
ms1 << 5;
ms2 << 5;
std::cout << 5;

When I do this, it no longer tries to use my overload for the ostream,
but instead complains that there is no valid overloaded operator<< for
MyStream1 or MyStream2. Is this nested typedef a valid way to limit my
overload to my own classes?


No, not even if you defined operator<< in a technically correct way as
shown above.

Template parameter deduction fails.

Is there another way to do this?

I've actually switched away from this technique to using a base class
which implements Write(), and having the operator<< take the base
class as its first parameter. Still, I'm curious how I might
accomplish this.


You don't need to use boost::enable_if.

Just add a namespace:

     #include <iostream>

     namespace my
     {
         class Stream1
         {
         public:
            void Write(...) {}
         };

         class Stream2
         {
         public:
            void Write(...) {}
         };

         template< class S >
         S& operator<<( S& lhs, int rhs )
         {
             lhs.Write( rhs ); return lhs;
         }
     }

     int main()
     {
         my::Stream1 ms1;
         my::Stream2 ms2;
         ms1 << 5;
         ms2 << 5;
         std::cout << 5;
     }

The prefix "My" you had indicates a namespace anyway...

Cheers, & hth.,

- Alf

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