Re: Questions about C++0x standard

From:
Alberto Ganesh Barbati <AlbertoBarbati@libero.it>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++.moderated
Date:
Sat, 18 Oct 2008 07:29:05 CST
Message-ID:
<9tYJk.83883$Ca.20438@twister2.libero.it>
gpderetta ha scritto:

On Oct 14, 5:14 pm, Brendan <catph...@catphive.net> wrote:

I have a couple of questions about the forthcoming c++0x standard.

Why are constexpr's not allowed to be recursive (according to the
wikipedia article)? We are still allowed to do things like this
correct?

template <typename T>
constexpr sum(T x) {
return x;

}

template <typename T, typename??? Args)
constexpr sum(T x, Args??? args) {
return x + sum(args);

}


BTW, I do not see anything in the last constant expressions proposal
nor in the last standard draft that would explicitly disallow this:

struct sum_t {
   constexpr sum_t() {}

   template <typename T>
   constexpr T operator()(T x) {
      return x;
   }

   template<typename F, typename T, typename Args...>
   constexpr T operator()(F f, T x, Args... args) {
     return x + f(sum_t(), args);
   }
};

template<typename T, typename Args...>
constexpr T sum(T x, Args... args) {
    return sum_t()(sum_t(), x, args);
}

Which, I think, is just anonymous recursion (http://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/Anonymous_recursion).
So in practice it seems that you can have recursive constexprs, the
standard just make them harder to use.


The case with a variable number of arguments does not need all that
machinery, mainly because while there is a sort of "recursion" there are
*no* recursive calls involved! Consider this:

  template<typename T>
  constexpr T sum(T x) {
    return x;
  }

  template<typename T, typename Args...>
  constexpr T sum(T x, Args... args) {
    return x + sum(args...);
  }

AFAIK, this code is legal according to the current working paper. That's
because, for example, sum<int, int>() does not call sum<int, int>() but
sum<int>(), which is a different function, although instantiated from
the same template.

A case with a recursive call like this:

  int factorial(int n)
  {
    return n < 2 ? 1 : n * factorial(n - 1);
  }

can't be made constexpr according to the WP and I can't find a way to
rewrite it as you suggested to make it work.

On the other way, you can have this:

  template <int N>
  constexpr int factorial()
  {
    return N < 2 ? 1 : N * factorial<N-1>();
  }

also because you switched from recursive calls to recursive
instantiation of templates, which is allowed.

HTH,

Ganesh

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