Re: problem with nested switches

From:
Jerry Coffin <jcoffin@taeus.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Wed, 5 Mar 2008 21:00:48 -0700
Message-ID:
<MPG.223916fbd212abe989bdd@news.sunsite.dk>
In article <jgbq5sn82t.fsf@micah.cowan.name>, micah@hollister.bcsweb.com
says...

[ ... ]

AFAICT, the reason switch statements are rarer in C++ than in C is
that most in most of the use cases for it in C, polymorphic typing is
the better idiom in C++. However, for cases such as selecting on a
character value read on input (like this one), it seems like the most
straightforward approach, and I at least would find it more readable
than the equivalent in if/else-if.


There is also the fact that unlike C, C++ has things like std::map built
in, so you could do a job like this using code something like:

#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <string>

int i_add(int x, int y) { return x+y; }
int i_sub(int x, int y) { return x-y; }
int i_mul(int x, int y) { return x*y; }
int i_div(int x, int y) { return x/y; }

int main() {
    int x, y;
    std::string o;

    typedef int (*op)(int, int);

    std::map<std::string, op> ops;
    ops["+"] = i_add;
    ops["-"] = i_sub;
    ops["*"] = i_mul;
    ops["/"] = i_div;

    std::cin >> x >> o >> y;
    std::cout << "The result is: " << ops[o](x,y);
    return 0;
}

Of course, this isn't anything like production code -- it's clearly
lacking in error checking and such, but you get the idea; the switch
statement is gone, and the code is (at least arguably) somewhat more
cleanly extensible.

In this case, you can do the job pretty easily without std::map though.
It's basically a sparse array type, but in the case of type char, you
can normally use a dense array without a major problem:

#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <limits.h>

int i_add(int x, int y) { return x+y; }
int i_sub(int x, int y) { return x-y; }
int i_mul(int x, int y) { return x*y; }
int i_div(int x, int y) { return x/y; }
int bad(int, int) { std::cout << "Error: Wrong input\n"; return 0; }

int main() {
    int x, y;
    char o;

    typedef int (*op)(int, int);

    op ops[CHAR_MAX];

    for (int i=0; i<CHAR_MAX; i++)
        ops[i] = bad;

    ops['+'] = i_add;
    ops['-'] = i_sub;
    ops['*'] = i_mul;
    ops['/'] = i_div;

    std::cin >> x >> o >> y;
    std::cout << "The result is: " << ops[o](x,y);
    return 0;
}

In theory#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <limits.h>

int i_add(int x, int y) { return x+y; }
int i_sub(int x, int y) { return x-y; }
int i_mul(int x, int y) { return x*y; }
int i_div(int x, int y) { return x/y; }
int bad(int, int) { std::cout << "Error: Wrong input\n"; return 0; }

int main() {
    int x, y;
    char o;

    typedef int (*op)(int, int);

    op ops[CHAR_MAX];

    for (int i=0; i<CHAR_MAX; i++)
        ops[i] = bad;

    ops['+'] = i_add;
    ops['-'] = i_sub;
    ops['*'] = i_mul;
    ops['/'] = i_div;

    std::cin >> x >> o >> y;
    std::cout << "The result is: " << ops[o](x,y);
    return 0;
}

Of course, if you happen to have a 64-bit char, this could be a bit of a
problem...

--
    Later,
    Jerry.

The universe is a figment of its own imagination.

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