Re: user-defined op= for type with reference member

From:
"Francesco S. Carta" <entuland@gmail.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Fri, 11 Jun 2010 15:17:32 -0700 (PDT)
Message-ID:
<bace21c0-f9c5-4ad0-9301-efc54c6671b7@i31g2000yqm.googlegroups.com>
"Leigh Johnston" <le...@i42.co.uk> wrote:

"Pete Becker" <p...@versatilecoding.com> wrote in message

news:2010061111295323604-pete@versatilecodingcom...

On 2010-06-11 11:21:09 -1000, Paul Bibbings said:

Since I have used the following in another post, can someone just
confirm (or otherwise) whether the following definition of a
user-defined op= for a type with a reference member is well defined?

   class AType
   {
   public:
      AType(int& i)
         : i_(i)
      { }
      // ...
      AType& operator=(const AType& other)
      {
         if (this != &other)
         {
            this->~Atype();
            new (this) AType(other);
         }
         return *this;
      }
   private:
      int& i_;
   };

According to my reading of the example given in [basic.life] 3.8/7 I
believe that it is, in this instance (since the constructor doesn't
throw, except on bad_alloc).


Yes, it's well-defined, but it's a really bad idea:

class BType : public AType
{
public:
BType& operator=(const BType& other)
{
return AType::operator==(other);
}
};

BType b1, b2;
b2 = b1; // nasty

In this particular example, there's almost certainly no nasty behavior.
But add a virtual function to AType (and make AType's destructor virtua=

l)

and override the function in BType.

AType *at = &b2;
at->virtual_function();

Now things are messy, because the code says that b2 has type BType, but
BType's constructor has not been called.

--
 Pete
Roundhouse Consulting, Ltd. (www.versatilecoding.com) Author of "The
Standard C++ Library Extensions: a Tutorial and Reference
(www.petebecker.com/tr1book)


It is well defined in the sense that it is defined to be undefined
behaviour. You cannot reseat references.

/Leigh


I'm not so sure whether the following could come interesting in this
case (nothing special for the most experienced ones, I suppose): it is
possible to store the reference as a pointer and create a "resettable
reference" in either of the following ways:

-------
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class IntByRef {
    public:
        explicit IntByRef(int& i) : ptr(&i) {};
        operator int&() {
            return *ptr;
        }
        int& operator=(int& i) {
            ptr= &i;
            return *ptr;
        }
    private:
        int* ptr;
};

int main()
{

    int local = 8;

    IntByRef ibr(local);

    cout << ibr << endl; // prints 8

    local = 10;

    cout << ibr << endl; // prints 10

    int local2 = 42;

    ibr = local2;

    cout << ibr << endl; // prints 42

    int& intref = ibr;

    ++ibr;
    ibr *= 2;
    ibr -= 8;

    cout << intref << endl; // prints 78;

    return 0;
}
-------

-------
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class SimplerIntByRef {
    public:
        SimplerIntByRef (int& i) : ptr(&i) {};
        operator int&() {
            return *ptr;
        }
    private:
        int* ptr;
};

int main()
{

    int local = 8;

    SimplerIntByRef ibr(local);

    cout << ibr << endl; // prints 8

    local = 10;

    cout << ibr << endl; // prints 10

    int local2 = 42;

    ibr = local2;

    cout << ibr << endl; // prints 42

    int& intref = ibr;

    ++ibr;
    ibr *= 2;
    ibr -= 8;

    cout << intref << endl; // prints 78;

    return 0;
}
-------

main() is practically identical for both cases, you can apply all
combined operator+equals to an IntByRef as well as all pre and post
increment/decrement, the only thing that you can't assign to it is a
constant or a temporary (that would be a plain rvalue) - by the means
of using operator= or by using the implicit ctor in the simpler case.
You can only (re)assign it to "point" to another (non-const) variable.

Modulo mistakes and misunderstandings as usual, I'm ready to have my
"view" fixed :-)

--
FSC
http://userscripts.org/scripts/show/59948

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