What are those _Traits for?

From:
"Vince C." <none@teledisnet.be>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Sun, 15 Jul 2007 21:03:01 +0200
Message-ID:
<469a6f65$0$7367$4d4efb8e@read.news.be.uu.net>
Hi all.

I can see the standard template library has changed a lot since I begun C++
10 years ago...

Now I'm facing with outputing the members of a struct, say Option, which
contains 2 members through ostream. I have defined a vector of Option:

struct Option {
  char* name;
  int value;
};

typedef vector<Option> ovect;

....

int main()
{
   ovect v();
   ovect.reserve(10);
   ...
   // Add elements to the vector
   cout << v[0];
   ...
   return 0;
}

When I compile (in Bloodshed Dev-C++) I get zillions of errors like:

main.cpp:85: error: no match for 'operator<<' in 'std::operator<< [with
_Traits = std::char_traits<char>](((std::basic_ostream<char,
std::char_traits<char> >&)(+(+std::operator<< [with _CharT = char, _Traits
= std::char_traits<char>](((std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char>

&)(&std::cout)), std::setw(4)))->std::basic_ostream<_CharT,

_Traits>::operator<< [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>
(i))), ((const char*)" ")) << ((const std::vector<gnu_opt,
std::allocator<gnu_opt> >*)(+v))->std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::operator[]
[with _Tp = gnu_opt, _Alloc = std::allocator<gnu_opt>](i)'

C:/dev/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/bits/ostream.tcc:63:
note: candidates are: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(std::basic_ostream<_CharT,
_Traits>&(*)(std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&)) [with _CharT = char,
_Traits = std::char_traits<char>]
....
C:/dev/Dev-Cpp/Bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/../../../../include/c++/3.4.2/bits/ostream.tcc:74:
note: std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(std::basic_ios<_CharT,
_Traits>&(*)(std::basic_ios<_CharT, _Traits>&)) [with _CharT = char,
_Traits = std::char_traits<char>]

I've digged into the iostream library and I must admit there is nothing like
I used to know about that library before, everything has changed :( .
Especially I can't figure out what the typename _Traits is for in standard
template library templates. I can see _Traits in strings, ostreams,
istreams, aso.

I guess I need to create an operator "<<" for my structure but I have no
idea of what it should look like.

Thanks for any hint/suggestion.

--

Vince C.

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