Re: STL question

From:
Jerry Coffin <jcoffin@taeus.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Thu, 29 May 2008 07:48:35 -0600
Message-ID:
<MPG.22a86222a51ab2ae989cf5@news.sunsite.dk>
In article <a1bbefdf-903f-4fae-83a5-1272298e0393
@q27g2000prf.googlegroups.com>, foolsmart2005@gmail.com says...

[ ... ]

// using vector<int>::iterator;


Here's (probably) the source of the problem: this wasn't originally
commented out.
 

int main()
{
    vector<int> container;
    for(int i=1;i<=4;i++)
    {
            container.push_back(i);
    }

    cout << "Here is what is in the container:\n";
    iterator p;


The original intent (with the previous line still "executable") was that
this refer to 'std::vector<int>::iterator'. With the previous line
commented out, it refers to 'std::iterator', which doesn't work.

copied from the book <<Absolute C++>>, but I cannot compile, why?


I'd say "because you ended up with a lousy book. Even when/if you fix
the code so it compiles, I'd consider it a long ways from exemplary
code. If I was going to do what it does, I'd write it something like
this:

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

void show(std::vector<int> const &container) {
    std::copy(container.begin(), container.end(),
        std::ostream_iterator<int>(std::cout, " "));
    std::cout << "\n";
}

int main()
{
    std::vector<int> container;
    for(int i=1;i<=4;i++)
        container.push_back(i);

    std::cout << "Here is what is in the container:\n";
    show(container);

    std::cout << "Setting entries to 0:\n";
    std::fill_n(container.begin(), container.size(), 0);

    std::cout <<"Container now contains:\n";
    show(container);

    return 0;
}

As a generalization, I'd say almost anytime you have something like:

some_type::iterator x;
for (x=container.begin(); x!=container.end(); ++x)
    do_something();

You've _probably_ made a mistake. You should probably be using an
algorithm instead. In this case, he duplicated two algorithms already in
the standard library: std::fill_n and std::copy. Far better to use than
duplicate them. Another principle is often phrased as "don't repeat
yourself" -- in the previous code, he had two repetitions of identical
code to show the contents of the container. I've moved that into a
function of its own.

--
    Later,
    Jerry.

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