Re: size vs. capacity in a container, such as vector

From:
James Kanze <james.kanze@gmail.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Sun, 12 Oct 2008 03:11:30 -0700 (PDT)
Message-ID:
<bca071fc-eaa9-491c-8227-6c067b0e51bc@a70g2000hsh.googlegroups.com>
On Oct 12, 10:08 am, Juha Nieminen <nos...@thanks.invalid> wrote:

puzzlecracker wrote:

Say I have a vector<int> intVec, and I reserve some sapce

intVec.reserve(100);

Is it fair to assume the vector contains enough space for
100 elements. In which case, the capacity -- ability to
store 100 elements without a relocation -- is 100.

Then what is the difference for intVec.resize(100)?


The difference is that, among other things, the new elements
will *not* be initialized with reserve(), and the push_back()
and at() functions will behave differently. Accessing elements
beyond size() with operator[] (even if space has been reserved
for those elements) is probably undefined behavior, especially
if the element type is a class which requires initialization.


There's no probably...especially about it. It's undefined
behavior (except for at(), which is guaranteed to throw). In
any good implementation, something like

    int
    main()
    {
        std::vector< int > v ;
        v.reserve( 100 ) ;
        v[ 50 ] ;
        return 0 ;
    }

will result in a runtime error (core dump under Unix).

More generally, there are two main uses of reserve(): to ensure
the validity of iterators and pointers to elements, and as an
optimization measure. It doesn't affect the logical state of
the container.

--
James Kanze (GABI Software) email:james.kanze@gmail.com
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