Re: Is this legal C++?

From:
Maxim Yegorushkin <maxim.yegorushkin@gmail.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++.moderated
Date:
Tue, 9 Jun 2009 19:59:56 CST
Message-ID:
<c933d610-0dd0-45c9-82b5-b1bd3ef81bfd@f19g2000yqh.googlegroups.com>
On Jun 8, 6:21 am, arrowtackett <arrowtack...@gmail.com> wrote:

Below is a small piece of code that I'm curious about. It is a
recursive template function that accepts a vector of any dimension.
The function returns the dimension of the vector passed into it. It
seems that the typename parameter "A" is allowed to be a template
itself. This code doesn't give me any warnings, but Is this legit C+
+? I had never seen this before, and I have just recently discovered
this by accident. If this is indeed legal C++, this is a very nice
way for a function to accept N-dimensional vectors.

// file.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

template<typename A> int getDimension(const vector<A> &, int = 0);
template<typename A> int getDimension(const A &, int);

template<typename A>
int getDimension(const vector<A> &vec, int dims = 0) {

     ++dims;
     int totalDims = getDimension(vec[0], dims);

     return totalDims;

}

// Overloaded function that is called when the typename
// parameter is not a vector (the last recursive iteration)
template<typename A>
int getDimension(const A &vec, int dims) {

     return dims;

}

int main() {

    typedef vector<double> V1;
    typedef vector<vector<double> > V2;
    typedef vector<vector<vector<double> > > V3;

    V3 vec3D(2, V2(3, V1(4, 0.0)));

    int dim = getDimension(vec3D);
    cout << "The dimension of the vector is: " << dim << endl;

    return 0;
}


While it works, it is not quite correct. The reason being that
std::vector<> has two template arguments. Some compilers allow to omit
the template arguments of a template for which there is a default
value (std::vector<> has a default value for its second template
argument). So, to be pedantically precise and portable getDimension
signature should be:

     template<class T, class A>
     int getDimension(const vector<T, A> &vec, int dims = 0);

Aside from that, it can be more efficient by not using function
recursion, rather using compile time template recursion, i.e.:

     template<class T>
     struct GetDimension
     {
         static int const value = 1;
     };

     template<class T, class A>
     struct GetDimension<std::vector<T, A> >
     {
         static int const value = 1 + GetDimension<T>::value;
     };

     template<class T>
     int getDimension(T const&)
     {
         return GetDimension<T>::value;
     }

--
Max

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