Re: Virtual Function Question

From:
Pete Becker <pete@versatilecoding.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Fri, 03 Jul 2009 10:27:43 -0400
Message-ID:
<C5Odnb_JIfD9iNPXnZ2dnUVZ_jadnZ2d@giganews.com>
vkp wrote:

On Jul 2, 4:23 pm, Pete Becker <p...@versatilecoding.com> wrote:

vkp wrote:

Hi All,
Need little education on use of Virtual functions....the questions
arose from the existing code I am going through.
Class type -> Derived, Member funtion -> Not virtual, Calls Derived
first then base.
Class type -> Derived, Member funtion -> Virtual, Calls Derived first
then base.
Class type -> Base, Member funtion -> Not Virtual, Calls Base.
Class type -> Base, Member funtion -> Virtual, Calls Derived first
then base.
What happens if both Base class and derived class declare a function
virtual. Who gets the first call? Is it valid to delclare a function
Virtual in both classes? If valid, is it a good design? Is there a
situation that requires such declarations?

Show some code.

--
   Pete
Roundhouse Consulting, Ltd. (www.versatilecoding.com) Author of
"The Standard C++ Library Extensions: a Tutorial and Reference"
(www.petebecker.com/tr1book)- Hide quoted text -

- Show quoted text -


Here is sample code for the question:

Case 1: Base class declares function "test" as virtual so method
doTest calls derived class when input object is of derived type. (This
is clear to me).
// Base class
class base
{
public:
    base(void);
    ~base(void);
    virtual void test(){
        std::cout<<"Base::test called\n";
    }

};

// Derived class
class derived :
    public base
{
public:
    derived(void);
    ~derived(void);
    void test(){
    std::cout<<"Derived::test called\n";
    }

};

// Function that calls class methods.

// function expects base class and calls method a.
void doTest (base& a_base)
{
    std::cout << "Calling functions in the base class\n";
    a_base.test();
}

// Main function.

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])


This is a Microsoftism. Unless you're posting to a Microsoft forum, use

int main()

or

int main(int argc, char *argv[])

{
    dreived a_derived; // derived object
    base b_base; // base object
    doTest(a_derived); // calls method that expects Base object
    doTest(b_base);
    return 0;
}
// End of code.

Case 2: What if class derived also declares function "test" as
virtual?


Doesn't matter. When a function in a base class is declared virtual, a
function in a derived class with the same signature overrides it. That's
what you're seeing.

The overriding function is also virtual, so if you had yet another level
of derivation above that, a function with the same signature would
override both derived::test and base::test.

--
   Pete
Roundhouse Consulting, Ltd. (www.versatilecoding.com) Author of
"The Standard C++ Library Extensions: a Tutorial and Reference"
(www.petebecker.com/tr1book)

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