Re: is there a way to do this in C++?

From:
James Kanze <james.kanze@gmail.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Mon, 10 Aug 2009 02:27:58 -0700 (PDT)
Message-ID:
<d0fa1b12-b1bc-4dc1-b006-4fc591c89ce4@g19g2000vbi.googlegroups.com>
On Aug 10, 12:42 am, Jerry Coffin <jerryvcof...@yahoo.com> wrote:

In article <f53ee742-bdd4-4226-b436-315a4745f709
@z34g2000vbl.googlegroups.com>, alejandro.ara...@gmail.com says...

I was wondering if it is possible to do the following trick
in C++: let's say you have a class template the represents a
multi-dimensional array:

template <int d, typename T = double>
class Array {

// rest of the class

};

Now, you would like to have different interfaces depending
on the dimension of the array. For example, if I have Array
<2,T> we have a matrix and it may be convenient to have
functions "rows()" and "columns ()", which of course don't
make sense for Array<1,T>. I would like to know if there is
a way to change the interface of the Array class WITHOUT
having to inherit from another class. I was thinking of some
kind of template function defined in the body of the Array
class but is defined ONLY if you're instantiating
Array<2,T>.


Partial specialization is what you seem to need/want:

#include <cstddef>

// The base template
template <int d, typename T = double>
class Array {
        T *data;
        int dimensions;
public:
        Array() : data(NULL), dimensions(d) {}
};

// A partial specialization for 2 dimensional Array's.
template <typename T>
class Array<2, T> {
        T *data;
        int dimensions;
        int rows_, columns_;

public:
        Array(int r, int c)
                : data(NULL), dimensions(2), rows_(r), columns_(c)
        {}

        int rows() { return rows_; }
        int columns() { return columns_; }
};


If I understand correctly, you're proposing a partial
specialization for each possible dimension. I think it should
be possible to implement with a partial specialization for d ==
1, and a generic specialization with Array<n> implemented in
terms of Array<n-1>. Something like:

    template< size_t d, typename T = double >
    class Array
    {
        std::vector< Array< d - 1 > > data ;
    public:
        Array< d - 1 >& operator[]( size_t n )
        {
            return data[ n ] ;
        }
        // ...
    } ;

    template< typename T = double >
    class Array< 1, T >
    {
        std::vector< T > data ;
    public:
        T& operator[]( size_t n )
        {
            return data[ n ] ;
        }
        // ...
    } ;

If you want to keep the fact that the data is actually in a
single vector, then it becomes more complicated---you'd probably
need a few helper classes. But I don't think it would be that
difficult for someone familiar with template programming.

--
James Kanze (GABI Software) email:james.kanze@gmail.com
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