Re: Using a macro to simplify implementing non-const methods in terms of const overload

From:
SG <s.gesemann@gmail.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++.moderated
Date:
Thu, 27 Aug 2009 15:39:26 CST
Message-ID:
<0fb92281-ff2f-49ea-acaf-6f8c03097aff@k6g2000yqn.googlegroups.com>
Chris Morley wrote:

SG wrote:

   class foo
   {
   public:
     std::string& bar() {return bar_;}

     const std::string& bar() const
     {
       return const_cast<foo*>(this)->bar();
     }
   private:
     std::string bar_;
   };


^ This _is_ what I intended.

But that's really a very bad idea because
(*) it's easier to accidentally violate const correctness
(*) if you accidentally modify something in the non-const version
    of bar() you will invoke undefined behaviour in cases like

   const foo f; // f is really const!
   f.bar(); // Ooops!


I'm not sure it is all that bad because you'd only want such a construct


It IS very very bad for the reasons I mentioned above.

in a situation where you are doing something trivial like returning a
reference/pointer to a structure/class. Perhaps you have a usage counter but
otherwise the non-const version would be as trivial as "return x;". More
complexity with different requirements for const & non-const function
version should hint that they need different function names.


I don't understand why you prefer to risk const correctness violations
and/or UB. You don't have the problems I mentioned above if you write
the non-const version in terms of the const version.

Here is a slightly less trivial but still similar complete program.

#include "stdio.h"
#include <string>
#include <vector>

struct Thing {
  Thing() : k(0), s("init") {}
  int k;
  std::string s;
};

class foo {
public:
  foo() : _Count(0) {_V.resize(3);}

  Thing& bar(int n) {++_Count; return _V[n];}
  const Thing& bar(int n) const {return const_cast<foo*>(this)->bar(n);}


Did I already say that this is a very VERY bad idea? (hint hint)

You convert a foo const* to a foo*. This allows you to accidentally
violate const correctness and leads to UB if you modify the object's
state in case it REALLY is a const object.

private:
  std::vector<Thing> _V;
  int _Count;
};

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
  const foo t;
  const Thing& thing1=t.bar(1);


Undefined behaviour! You're trying to modify t._Count but t IS CONST!

Alternativly you could have written:
     foo s;
     const foo& t = s;
     const Thing& thing1=t.bar(1);

This is NOT UB because t ist just a const ref to s but s is non-const.
Still, it's a very VERY bad idea for reasones that have been mentioned
a couple of times by now.

Another example just for you:

     int x = 23;
     int const y = 42;
     int const& z = x;

     const_cast<int&>(y) = 99; // UB!
     const_cast<int&>(z) = 99; // Ugly but fine

Cheers!
SG

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