Re: count_unique or unique_count - why does it not exist?

From:
Alberto Ganesh Barbati <AlbertoBarbati@libero.it>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++.moderated
Date:
20 Oct 2006 17:07:54 -0400
Message-ID:
<waa_g.11087$uv5.79027@twister1.libero.it>
Stephen Howe ha scritto:

Hi

Consider a sequence container that is sorted by some criteria
I am surprised that there is not a count_unique() (or unique_count()) that
counts between a range of iterators, considering duplicate elements as 1
element. I don't see that I can use count_if() as that would mean a
predicate with a state.

Or is there? Have I overlooked an algorithm in the C++ library?

The relationship between count() and count_unique() would be analogous to
the SQL aggregate functions:
COUNT(somefield) and COUNT(DISTINCT somefield)


There is no count_unique() algorithm because there are several ways to
implement it, with very different memory requirements, computational
complexity and pre-conditions. It's not very smart to think about having
some general-purpose algorithm for that. Moreover, using creatively
other STL algorithms and containers as building-blocks, it's easy to
obtain the desired result. For example, you could use a set:

template <class InputIterator>
size_t count_unique(InputIterator first, InputIterator last)
{
    typedef typename InputIterator::value_type value_type;
    return std::set<value_type>(v.begin(), v.end()).size();
}

This is especially effective if you expect a lot of repetitions in the
input range. If, on the other hand you expect very few repetitions and
the elements are very cheap to copy, you could copy everything in a
std::vector, then use std::sort and std::unique.

If the input is already sorted, an exotic but effective solution could
be to define a dummy "counting iterator" that simply increments a
counter each time you assign something to it and then use unique_copy.
In practice:

class counting_iterator
    : public std::iterator<std::output_iterator_tag, void, void, void, void>
{
public:
    counting_iterator() : count_(0) {}

    operator size_t () const { return count_; }

    template <typename T>
    counting_iterator& operator=(const T&) { return *this; }
    counting_iterator& operator*() { return *this; }
    counting_iterator& operator++() { ++count_; return *this; }
    counting_iterator& operator++(int) { ++count_; return *this; }

private:
    size_t count_;
};

template <class InputIterator>
size_t count_unique(InputIterator first, InputIterator last)
{
    return std::unique_copy(v.begin(), v.end(), counting_iterator());
}

If you also need the elements then it's silly to have an algorithm that
returns just the count. Simply produce the elements in some container (a
set or a sorted vector+unique) and then use size().

HTH,

Ganesh

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