Re: Template instantiation problem, take 2

From:
"kanze" <kanze@gabi-soft.fr>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++.moderated
Date:
18 Sep 2006 05:28:05 -0400
Message-ID:
<1158564044.703257.272580@m7g2000cwm.googlegroups.com>
Kaba wrote:

Hello, I posted this problem to comp.lang.c++, but since I didn't get a
satisfying answer, I decided to post here.

Here is a short snippet of code that does not compile (tested with Vc8
and Comeau). This is because somehow Vector<0> gets instantiated,


What do you mean, somehow? It rather obviously gets
instantiated.

for which the array size goes to 0. However, I don't quite get
it why it gets instantiated in the first place.


Because you use it.

So why does not this compile?

template <int N>
struct Vector
{
    int data_[N];
};

template <int HEIGHT, int WIDTH>
struct Matrix
{
};

template <int HEIGHT, int WIDTH>
Vector<WIDTH> operator *(
    const Vector<HEIGHT>&,
    const Matrix<HEIGHT, WIDTH>&)
{
    return Vector<WIDTH>();
}

template <int HEIGHT, int WIDTH>
Vector<WIDTH - 1> operator *(
    const Vector<HEIGHT - 1>&,
    const Matrix<HEIGHT, WIDTH>&)
{
    return Vector<WIDTH - 1>();
}

int main()
{
    Matrix<1, 1> transform;
    Vector<1> translation;

    translation = translation * transform;

This invokes (and thus instantiates) operator*( Vector<1>
const&, Matrix<1, 1> const& ). The return type of this function
is Vector<0>. So instantiating this function triggers the
instantiation of Vector<0> (and the instantiation of Vector<0>'s
copy constructor, but that's no problem here).

     return 0;
}


I'm having a hard time seeing what you don't understand. The
compiler does a transitive closure on the templates it
instantiates---instantiating one template will trigger the
instantiation of the template specializations which it uses.
This would seem an obvious implication; implicit instantiation
wouldn't be useful otherwise.

--
James Kanze GABI Software
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