Re: Template functions and avoiding implicit conversions

From:
"=?iso-8859-1?q?Daniel_Kr=FCgler?=" <daniel.kruegler@googlemail.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++.moderated
Date:
Tue, 27 Feb 2007 16:31:00 CST
Message-ID:
<1172601339.564143.226780@z35g2000cwz.googlegroups.com>
On 27 Feb., 14:56, "tarjei.knaps...@gmail.com"
<tarjei.knaps...@gmail.com> wrote:

Consider the following:

class CommandLineOptions
{
public:
  template <typename ValueType>
  void
  Add(std::string& arg, bool required);

  template <typename ValueType>
  void
  Add(std::string& arg, ValueType default);


default is a keyword, which is not allowed in this
context. I assume def instead.

};

The problem I have is that if I write something like:

CommandLineOptions clo;
clo.Add<std::string>("method", "invert");


This cannot compile, because the string literal does
not convert to a std::string&. I assume the following
code instead:

 std::string s("method");
 clo.Add<std::string>(s, "invert");

the second argument is implicitly converted to bool and the first
template function is instantiated.
The possible resolutions I've come up with are:

1. Rename the first function to for instance AddRequired(). I'd like
to avoid this to keep the interface as simple as possible.
2. Require the user to explicitly instantiate a std::string in the
call,
clo.Add<std::string>("method", std::string("invert"));. This is far
too error prone and not really a solution at all.

Is there any other neat trick I could use to avoid the implicit
conversion from happening?


You can use SFINAE ("Substitution Failure Is Not An Error") here
to distinguish between both overloads.

template <bool enable, typename T = void>
struct EnableIf {
  typedef T Type;
};

template <typename T>
struct EnableIf<false, T> {
};

template <typename T>
struct IsBool {
  static const bool value = false;
};

template <>
struct IsBool<bool> {
  static const bool value = true;
};

class CommandLineOptions
{
public:
  template <typename ValueType>
  typename EnableIf<IsBool<ValueType>::value>::Type
  Add(std::string& arg, ValueType required);

  template <typename ValueType>
  typename EnableIf<!IsBool<ValueType>::value>::Type
  Add(std::string& arg, ValueType def);
};

int main() {
    CommandLineOptions clo;
    std::string s("method");
    clo.Add<std::string>(s, "invert"); // Selects 2nd overload
    clo.Add(s, "invert"); // Selects 2nd overload
    clo.Add<bool>(s, true); // Selects 1st overload
    clo.Add(s, false); // Selects 1st overload
    clo.Add<std::string>(s, true); // Does not compile
}

Greetings from Bremen,

Daniel Kr?gler

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