Re: enum in template memfun in class template - valid C++?

From:
Greg Herlihy <greghe@pacbell.net>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++.moderated
Date:
Mon, 16 Apr 2007 11:46:07 CST
Message-ID:
<C248E28C.7498%greghe@pacbell.net>
On 4/16/07 6:49 AM, in article
1176719276.514814.262300@n76g2000hsh.googlegroups.com,
"numerical.simulation@web.de" <numerical.simulation@web.de> wrote:

enum Outer { a, b };

template <class T>
class C
{
public:
  enum Inner { c, d };
  template<Inner I, int dummy> struct Dispatcher;

  template<int dummy> struct Dispatcher<c, dummy>
  {
    static const Outer Show = a;
  };

  template<int dummy> struct Dispatcher<d, dummy>
  {
    static const Outer Show = b;
  };

public:
  template <Inner I> void DoSomething(int j)
  {
    typedef Dispatcher<I, 1> dispatcher_t;
    static const Outer o = dispatcher_t::Show;
  }
};

int main()
{
  C<double> Test;
  Test.DoSomething<C<double>::c>(1);
}

I have 4 questions:
- Is this code valid C++ and why?


No, the above code is not a valid C++ program. Essentially, a mistake in how
each Dispatcher member template partial specializations is declared - means
that neither one is instantiated as intended. So when the compiler looks for
dispatcher_t::Show inside the C<T>::DoSomething() member function template,
it tries to instantiate the (not defined) Dispatcher general template
instead of one of its partial specializations.

- If not, could you explain the reason or point to TRs and wordings
for this?


The reason is quite straightforward - and should be readily apparent to any
C++ programmer after no more than a few hours of intense scrutiny :-).

The problem is that Dispatcher's "Inner" enum nontype parameter is dependent
on the name of the enclosing C template class - which means that Inner's
enumerated values (c and d) are dependent on the enclosing C template class
as well. Yet "c" and "d" as they appear in the Dispatcher partial
specialization does not use a type-dependent syntax - so the compiler
assumes that both are nondependent names of incomplete types.
 

- How to change the code such that it compiles without altering the
main() body?


To fix the compiler error, specialize the Dispatcher member template with
type-dependent "c" and "d" nontype parameters, like so:

    template<int dummy>
    struct Dispatcher< C::c, dummy>
    {
        static const Outer Show = a;
    };

    template<int dummy>
    struct Dispatcher< C::d, dummy>
    {
        static const Outer Show = b;
    };

With this small change the compiler now knows that c and d are
type-dependent names and is therefore able to find them.

  (enum solution preferred)
- Do you think this code should be valid C++ for future standards?


No.

Greg

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