Re: Constraints on value type of iterators in two iterator ctors of sequences missing

From:
=?iso-8859-1?q?Daniel_Kr=FCgler?= <daniel.kruegler@googlemail.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.std.c++
Date:
Sun, 29 Apr 2007 11:58:25 CST
Message-ID:
<1177754636.956481.7710@n59g2000hsh.googlegroups.com>
===================================== MODERATOR'S COMMENT:
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===================================== END OF MODERATOR'S COMMENT
[To the mods: I posted this answer more than two days ago,
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So this is the attempt of a retrial]

James Kanze schrieb:

 1. Shouldn't there be at least the requirement that the
    iterator value type be convertible to the value type of the
    container? As written, things like:
        void * a[] = { &x, &y, &z } ;
        std::string s( a, a + 3 ) ;
    or:
        class C {
            C( int ) ;
        } ;
        C a[] = { C(1), C(2), C(3) } ;

        std::string s( a, a + 3 ) ;
    would not seem to be forbidden.


I strongly agree that the source items should be convertible
to those of the destination container. I also think that this is
currently not well expressed. IMO the sentence from 23.1.1/10

"[..] If there is no conversion from N to X::value_type, then this
is not a valid expression at all."

gives some evidence for this intent ;-). Also note that n2134 has
made this *sligthly* clearer in its corresponding paragraph:

"In the previous paragraph the alternative binding will fail if first
is not implicitly convertible to X::size_type or if last is not
implicitly convertible to X::value_type."

Both wordings seem *not* to unambigiously express this intent.

 2. What is actually meant by "constructs a sequence equal to"?
    Consider:
        double d[] = { 3.14, -0.1 } ;
        std::string s( d, d + 2 ) ;
    Is this legal? If not, why not? But if so, if I read the
    text na?vely, the implementation is required to ensure
    that
        std::equals( s.begin(), s.end(), d )
    returns true, which is going to be more than just difficult.


I agree with that point.

I would propose the following modifications:

In [sequence.reqmts]:

 1. In paragraph 3, the text concerning i and j be amended to
    read:

        i and j denote iterators of the same type satisfying
        input iterator requirements, [i, j) denotes a valid
        range, and the value type of i and j be implicitly
        convertible to the value type of the container


Basically I think this is the right tone. Please note that
by means of concepts this is nicely expressed already
in

http://www2.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2006/n2085.pdf

page 8, 24.1.1/5:

concept Sequence<typename X> : Container<X>
{
 ...
 X::X(size_type n, value_type t);

 template<InputIterator Iter>
 where Convertible<Iter::value_type, value_type>
 X::X(Iter first, Iter last);
 ...
}

(Note that most recently "where" was changed to "requires")

and according to

http://www2.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2006/n2082.pdf

page 4, 20.1.8/1:

"Concept Convertible requires an implicit conversion from
one type to another.[..]"

 2. In the entry concerning X(i, j) in table 82, the third
    column be changed to:

        post size() == distance between i and j
        constructs a sequence such that each element of the
        sequence is equal to the corresponding element of
        the sequence [i, j), converted to the value type of
        the container.

 3. In the entries concerning a.insert(p,i,j) and
    a.assign(i,j), the text "copies of elements in [i,j)" be
    replaced by "elements equal to the elements which would
    be present in X(i,j)".


This would match the current demands on == for the
containers itself. Personally I have some provisios for the
current meaning of EqualityComparable from table 28,
20.1.1, where we have

For all a, a == a.

Question: Do we have to interpret floating point types as
types not necessarily fulfilling EqualityComparable,
because in case of NaN values a == a might not succeed?
I tend to say that if

std::numeric_limits<T>::has_quiet_NaN ||
std::numeric_limits<T>::has_signaling_NaN

then EqualityComparable is not necessarily fulfilled for
T (e.g. T = double).

Even apart from floating point types we can think of an
user-defined type T which might not provide an equivalence
relation. Table 65 in 23.1 is not very enligthening, it just
says for a == b:

"==is an equivalence relation."

But for what? I read it to mean an equivalence relation for
the containers, but what if T does not fulfill this? Interestingly
the corresponding preconditions for a < b are clearer
expressed:

"pre: < is defined for values of T. < is a total ordering relation."

On the other side this description seems to have *another*
inconsistency: According to the definition of
LessThanComparable, 20.1.2, we only need to fulfill a
*strict weak ordering* relation. So why must < be here a
*total ordering*?

Of course this is another problem than you want to discuss,
but IMO it exists. If so, we cannot *unconditionally* require
the above demanded equality statement as post-condition
of a sequence assignment with another sequence, we can
*only* require it, if there exists a equivalence relation
between the source type and the destination type.

(inset: The concept paper

http://www2.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2006/n2082.pdf

fortunately defines EqualityComparable in a heterogenous way as

auto concept EqualityComparable<typename T, typename U = T>.)

So what do we do, if this requirement is not fulfilled? The only
fallback I see is similar to the chicken-and-egg problem of
CopyConstructible, which ends with the statement "t is equivalent
to T(t)" with whatever interpretation we give for equivalent ;-)
Astonishingly the concept proposal has removed this requirement
on CopyConstructible - an oversight?

Greetings from Bremen,

Daniel

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