Re: Replacing a void* in C++

From:
"Alf P. Steinbach" <alfps@start.no>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Fri, 28 Sep 2007 22:20:40 +0200
Message-ID:
<13fqogu3r4mqldf@corp.supernews.com>
* Jim Langston:

"Alf P. Steinbach" <alfps@start.no> wrote in message
news:13fqklnhr18ik5b@corp.supernews.com...

* Jim Langston:

Trying to google for "change void* in C++" doesn't help has void is found
too many places in function/method returns. It looks like somewhere I'm
going to have to do a dymaic_cast or a reinterpret_cast and am trying to
stick any such ugliness away from the onmessage methods.


Check out the visitor pattern.


I've been reading up on the visitor pattern, and if I was to develop this
class heirarchy from scratch, I'd probalby use that. However, I don't see
how using the visitor pattern helps with converting a void * in an existing
class heirarchy. Unless I'm missing something or my googles for "visitor
pattern c++" are not showing a specific usage for this case.


OK.

Let's first dispense with the strings in your code, because /that's not
guaranteed to work/. Or more precisely, I'd have to scrutinize the
standard to find a statement guaranteeing uniqueness of
typeid(T).name(), and I don't think there is such a statement. So,
first take, in the Process Of Transforming Jim's Code:

<code>
#include <iostream>
#include <ostream>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <string>

struct AIMsg
{
public:
     AIMsg() {}
     virtual std::type_info const& valueType() const = 0;
     virtual ~AIMsg() {}
};

template <class T> class Message: public AIMsg
{
public:
     Message() {}
     virtual std::type_info const& valueType() const
     {
         return typeid( T );
     }
     T value;
};

void messageHandler( AIMsg const& msg )
{
     if ( msg.valueType() == typeid(float) )
     {
         std::cout
             << dynamic_cast<Message<float> const*>( &msg )->value
             << "\n";
     }
     if ( msg.valueType() == typeid(int) )
     {
         std::cout
             << dynamic_cast<Message<int> const*>( &msg )->value
             << "\n";
     }
}

int main()
{
     Message<float> Bar;
     Bar.value = 54321.123f;
     messageHandler( Bar );

     Message<int> Bar2;
     Bar2.value = 123;
     messageHandler( Bar2 );
}
</code>

Next, we recall that in C++, explicit discrimination on type is usually
best replaced with use of a virtual function. In the derived class
where the implementation of that virtual function is executed, the exact
derived type is known. So then it can call a templated handler, take 2:

<code>
#include <iostream>
#include <ostream>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <string>

struct AIMsg
{
public:
     AIMsg() {}
     virtual std::type_info const& valueType() const = 0;
     virtual void callHandler() const = 0;
     virtual ~AIMsg() {}
};

template <class T> class Message;
template< typename T > void handle( Message<T> const& );

template <class T> class Message: public AIMsg
{
public:
     Message() {}
     virtual std::type_info const& valueType() const
     {
         return typeid( T );
     }
     virtual void callHandler() const
     {
         handle( *this );
     }
     T value;
};

template< typename T >
void handle( Message<T> const& msg )
{
     std::cout << msg.value << "\n";
}

int main()
{
     Message<float> Bar;
     Bar.value = 54321.123f;
     Bar.callHandler();

     Message<int> Bar2;
     Bar2.value = 123;
     Bar2.callHandler();
}
</code>

I don't know whether you need the type-info name for something (like
e.g. tracing or logging) so I left it in, but note that at least in the
code above it's no longer used, and could just be removed.

To make this a full-fledged visitor pattern you'd have to pass an object
to callHandler(), and let that object provide a templatized handle()
member function. But that's just needless complication for the task
above. You can regard the above as a special case visitor pattern.

Cheers, & hth.,

- Alf

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