Re: template metaprogramming and recursive inheritance

From:
Thomas Maeder <maeder@glue.ch>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++.moderated
Date:
Mon, 1 Oct 2007 13:07:11 CST
Message-ID:
<m2odfin8vy.fsf@glue.ch>
Christof Warlich <cwarlich@gmx.de> writes:

any ideas why this does not compile?:

template <int x> struct S;
template <> struct S<0> {
     S<0>(void): y(0) {}
     int y;
};
template <int x> struct S: public S<x - 1> {
     S<x>(void) {y++;}
};

The error that I get is:

In constructor "<x>::S()":
7: error: "y" was not declared in this scope

For my understanding, the error message is simply wrong.


Not for mine.

y is a non-dependent name. It is therefore looked up in the first
phase of the the two-phase name lookup process. In that phase,
inherited names aren't considered, because the compiler doesn't know
them.

To fix your code, make y dependant, e.g.:

template <int x>
struct S: public S<x - 1>
{
   S()
   {
     ++this->y;
   }
};

This causes the name y to be resolved in the second phase, where the
specializations of S and their members are known.

Imagine instantiating

S<2> s;

This causes S<1> and S<0> to be instantiated as well due
to the recursive inheritance. Thus, y is finally provided
by the template specialization defined for S<0>, which in
turn is an indirect base of S<2>.

Could this be a compiler bug? I'm using g++ 4.1.2.


No. At the time when the compiler parses the implementation of the
base template (where y is incremented), there is no telling whether a
specialization for S<1> comes next, which doesn't provide an entity
named y to its derived classes (or an entity that can't be
incremented).

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