Re: About static member variable

From:
"Alf P. Steinbach" <alfps@start.no>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Wed, 03 Oct 2007 01:06:04 +0200
Message-ID:
<13g5jmvgb1k53a9@corp.supernews.com>
* Juha Nieminen:

Alf P. Steinbach wrote:

Constants are not problematic, just use 'const':

  const int x = 42;


  He was talking about *member* variable (well, a static "member"
variable would technically not be a member variable but a class
variable, but I assume that with "member variable" he meant "class
variable", ie. a static variable inside the scope of a class).

  You can't write that for member variables (well, at least not until
the next C++ standard). You can, however, write this:

static const int x = 42;


For integral type, yes.

Sorry, I didn't see that about member variables.

However, the two solutions I mentioned, "technical solutions to
non-const static variable in headers include using local statics
(wrapping in functions) and templatizing", work also for member constant
variables, including non-integral ones.

    struct Foo
    {
        static double x() { return 3.15; }
    };

    // Foo::x()

    template< typename Dummy > struct XValue{ static double const x; }
    template< typename Dummy > double const XValue<Dummy>::x = 3.15;

    struct Bar: XValue<void> {};

    // Bar::x

  I'm wondering though: What does the standard say about such static
const variables? Do they need an actual instance or not?


If such a variable is used in a way that requires it has an address. With

     static const int x = 42;

as a member variable it becomes a declaration instead of definition
(very confusing), and then a definition outside the class definition is
required, which looks like a declaration:

     int const SomeClass::x;

and which is problematic in a header file.

And which is also generally problematic. Different compilers differ in
how strictly they interpret the standard in this respect. A compiler
(or in practical terms linker) may choke on code that follows the standard.

So, best avoided.

Cheers, & hth.,

- Alf

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