Re: gcc-4.4.3 failure in rejecting instantiation?

From:
James Kanze <james.kanze@gmail.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Tue, 22 Jun 2010 03:26:26 -0700 (PDT)
Message-ID:
<792e8fe7-36f2-4cf3-b978-a7eb8d2b8589@g19g2000yqc.googlegroups.com>
On Jun 19, 11:15 pm, Paul Bibbings <paul.bibbi...@gmail.com> wrote:

I've been working on some code (not mine) that relies on the
following motif leading to a compilation failure, with
sensible output, at line 17 (below). The trouble is, with
gcc-4.4.3, it *doesn't* fail:

   template<typename T>
   struct Error { };

   template<typename T>
   struct A
   {
      static const int i = Error<T>::TempArgMustBeInt; // line: 7
   };

   template<>
   struct A<int>
   { };

   int main()
   {
      A<int> A_int;
      A<char> A_char; // line: 17
   }

I'm thinking that it probably should (or, I have no immediate
understanding of why it wouldn't); whoever wrote the original code
(probably some while ago) thought it should; and, Comeau seems to
agree:

   Comeau C/C++ 4.3.10.1 (Oct 6 2008 11:28:09) for
   ONLINE_EVALUATION_BETA2
   Copyright 1988-2008 Comeau Computing. All rights reserved.
   MODE:strict errors C++ noC++0x_extensions

   "ComeauTest.c", line 7: error: class "Error<char>" has no member
     "TempArgMustBeInt"
     static const int i = Error<T>::TempArgMustBeInt;
                                    ^
          detected during instantiation of class "A<T> [with T=char]" a=

t

          line 17
   // ...

   1 error detected in the compilation of "ComeauTest.c".

What does anyone else think?


I think the standard is a bit vague about this. According to
the standard, a static data member is only instantiated if it is
used. (See =A714.7.1.) I don't see anything in your code which
would require an instance of A::i, so the definition of A::i
should not be instantiated. Which is good, because you don't
provide a definition (in the sense of the standard). On the
other hand, this is the only case I know in the standard where
a declaration which is not a definition can contain an
initializer---is the initializer considered part of the
declaration, or a pre-definition, of sorts? In the first case,
it should be instantiated (triggering the error); in the second,
it shouldn't be instantiated unless i is actually used.

I think the classical way of doing this is something like:

    template <typename T>
    struct A
    {
        enum { error = sizeof(Error<T>::whatever) };
    };

The enum constant must be instantiated any time the class is.

--
James Kanze

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