Re: is there a fast way to get every bit in a uint64_t

From:
Greg Herlihy <greghe@mac.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++.moderated
Date:
Thu, 27 Aug 2009 07:06:35 CST
Message-ID:
<f8efcd54-4e91-4118-b441-b5c9509b94bf@o9g2000prg.googlegroups.com>
On Aug 26, 6:26 pm, "lfeiman...@gmail.com" <lfeiman...@gmail.com>
wrote:

hi,everybody,given a uint64_t ,if I want to know which bits are set in
it.


The number of bits set in an integer is often called its "population
count".

i will do a iterator with it,such as

uint64_t iSrc = 8394324;
uint64_t iTmp = 0;

for(int i = 0 ;i<64;i++)
{
    iTmp = pow(2,i);
    if(iTmp & iSrc)
    {
        printf("bit %d is set!!!!!!!!!!",i);
    }

}

i 'm wandering ,is there a faster way to do this??? thank you !


If the target architecture has an instruction to count the set bits in
a register (such as Intel's i7 POPCNT instruction), then an assembly
language routine would be the fastest solution.

Otherwise, counting the bits via a table look-up would almost
certainly be faster than testing each bit individually. For example:

     inline
     int GetPopulationCount( uint64_t n)
     {
         static const int kNumBits[] = {
             0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 3, 1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 4,
             1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 4, 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5,
             1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 4, 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5,
             2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6,
             1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 4, 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5,
             2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6,
             2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6,
             3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 7,
             1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 4, 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5,
             2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6,
             2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6,
             3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 7,
             2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6,
             3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 7,
             3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 7,
             4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 7, 5, 6, 6, 7, 6, 7, 7, 8 };

         int count = 0;

         count += kNumBits[n & 0xFF];
         count += kNumBits[(n >>= 8) & 0xFF];
         count += kNumBits[(n >>= 8) & 0xFF];
         count += kNumBits[(n >>= 8) & 0xFF];
         count += kNumBits[(n >>= 8) & 0xFF];
         count += kNumBits[(n >>= 8) & 0xFF];
         count += kNumBits[(n >>= 8) & 0xFF];
         count += kNumBits[n >> 8];

         return count;
     }

Greg

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