Re: Printing only an 'A' to System.out

From:
Knute Johnson <nospam@rabbitbrush.frazmtn.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.java.programmer
Date:
Wed, 22 Apr 2009 16:59:04 -0700
Message-ID:
<49efaf0c$0$25113$b9f67a60@news.newsdemon.com>
Stefan Ram wrote:

  I'll return to Java later, but first I will look at C:

  The following C program has a problem:

#include <stdio.h>
int main( void ){ printf( "A" ); }

  Readers might try to spot it themselves before
  continuing to read the following explanation of the problem.

  Spoiler:

  ISO/IEC 9899:1999 (E) states:

      ?A text stream is an ordered sequence of characters
      composed into lines, each line consisting of zero or more
      characters plus a terminating new-line character. Whether
      the last line requires a terminating new-line character is
      implementation-defined.?

    ISO/IEC 9899:1999 (E), 7.19.2#2

  Thus, the last line of a text stream might require a terminating
  new-line character in some implementations. The above program,
  therefore, might not comply with some implementations, while
  the following will never have this problem.

#include <stdio.h>
int main( void ){ printf( "A\n" ); }

  Now, my question regarding Java: Is anything wrong with
  the following Java program?

public class Main
{ public static void main( final java.lang.String[] args )
  { java.lang.System.out.print( "A" ); }}

  The output might look ugly, because it might not be separated
  from text following it properly, but is there a wording
  similar to ISO/IEC 9899:1999 (E), 7.19.2#2 somewhere in a Java
  specification that might condemn this program in a similar
  manner to ISO/IEC 9899:1999 (E), 7.19.2#2?

  (7.19.2 is in C because the I/O facilities offered by the
  environment (operating system) might require a terminating
  linefeed. If a Java implementation is running in the same
  environment, it should inherit the same limitations from the
  same environment. So, if Java guarantees that the last line
  never requires a terminating new-line character, how does it
  do that? [One answer would be: by excluding those environments
  that require a terminating new-line character.])


I think the answer is in PrintStream.write(),

"write

public void write(int b)

     Writes the specified byte to this stream. If the byte is a newline
and automatic flushing is enabled then the flush method will be invoked.

     Note that the byte is written as given; to write a character that
will be translated according to the platform's default character
encoding, use the print(char) or println(char) methods."

So I think there is no guarantee that it will display without flushing
but I've never seen it happen in practice.

--

Knute Johnson
email s/nospam/knute2009/

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