why are foos like vector<T>::size no duplicate symbols for linker?

From:
vl106 <vl106@hotmail.com>
Newsgroups:
microsoft.public.vc.language
Date:
Fri, 27 Jun 2008 12:32:15 -0700 (PDT)
Message-ID:
<413fad16-c518-437e-9a60-7ba89c1c729b@8g2000hse.googlegroups.com>
I have a question concerning the code the compiler
generates for template functions.

- why does linker not complain about ctor being there 2-times?
- does linker "strip away" compiler generated template functions (if
necessary)?
- in MSVC map file: does "i" mean: internally created by compiler?

 0002:00000990 ?f_a@@YAXXZ 00411990 f a.obj
 0002:000009c0 ??0?$ARRAY@H@@QAE@H@Z 004119c0 f i a.obj
 0002:00000a10 ?f_b@@YAXXZ 00411a10 f b.obj

// a.cpp
#include "h.hpp"
void f_a() {
     ARRAY<int> ia(3);
     //...
}

// b.cpp
#include "h.hpp"
void f_b() {
     ARRAY<int> ia(5);
     //...
}

ARRAY is a minimalistic clone of std::vector. In a.cpp
and b.cpp I use the template class - and thus its (only)
function.

Each .obj file has a definition of ARRAY<int>::ARRAY<int>
as can be seen from assembly files (see below).

Why does linker not complain about duplicate symbols as
e.g. when I define "my_foo" both in a.cpp and b.cpp?

b.obj : error LNK2005: "void __cdecl my_foo(void)" (?my_foo@@YAXXZ)
already defined in a.obj

In the map file I recognize only

 0002:000009c0 ??0?$ARRAY@H@@QAE@H@Z 004119c0 f i a.obj

that is version from b.obj is stripped away?

; in a.asm

??0?$ARRAY@H@@QAE@H@Z PROC NEAR ; ARRAY<int>::ARRAY<int>, COMDAT
; _this$ = ecx

; 15 : ARRAY<T>::ARRAY(int size) {

    push ebp
    mov ebp, esp
    ; ...
    mov esp, ebp
    pop ebp
    ret 4
??0?$ARRAY@H@@QAE@H@Z ENDP ; ARRAY<int>::ARRAY<int>

; in b.asm

??0?$ARRAY@H@@QAE@H@Z PROC NEAR ; ARRAY<int>::ARRAY<int>, COMDAT

; _this$ = ecx

; 15 : ARRAY<T>::ARRAY(int size) {

    push ebp
    mov ebp, esp
    ; ...
    mov esp, ebp
    pop ebp
    ret 4
??0?$ARRAY@H@@QAE@H@Z ENDP ; ARRAY<int>::ARRAY<int>

#ifndef H_HPP
#define H_HPP

template<class T>
class ARRAY {
public:
    ARRAY(int size);
    // further member foos
private:
    T* data_;
};

template<class T>
ARRAY<T>::ARRAY(int size) {
    data_ = new T[size];
}
#endif // H_HPP

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