Re: Using std::cin.rdbuf()->in_avail()

From:
"Tom Widmer [VC++ MVP]" <tom_usenet@hotmail.com>
Newsgroups:
microsoft.public.vc.language
Date:
Mon, 15 Jan 2007 13:10:15 +0000
Message-ID:
<eWfGBaKOHHA.4260@TK2MSFTNGP02.phx.gbl>
Paul wrote:

I have a small command-line (console) application which, I thought, it would
be good to allow users to pause and to resume - or exit. To control this,
users will enter input at the command prompt. Actual processing occurs in a
different thread.

Here is a fragment of the code accepting user input:

---------------------------------------------------
std::cout << "Enter choice: 'P' - pause, 'Q' - quit: ";

char ch;
while (!finish) {
    if (std::cin.rdbuf()->in_avail()) {


Note that in_avail is useful for getting characters that the OS has
transferred to cin, but which you haven't yet read. In effect, it tells
you have many characters you are *guaranteed* to be able to read without
cin blocking. However, it may be the case (and usually is in fact) that
in_avail will report fewer characters than can be read without blocking.
In particular, it will often report 0 even when there is some input waiting.

        if (std::cin >> ch) {


You realise the above skips whitespace?

            std::cin.sync(); // flush remaining characters


cin.sync() doesn't do anything. Instead, you should ignore the number of
characters you want to flush. E.g. to flush remaining known buffered chars:

std::cin.ignore(std::cin.rdbuf()->in_avail());

or to flush until the next newline character:
std::cin.ignore(
    std::numeric_limits<std::streamsize>::max(),
    static_cast<unsigned char>('\n')
);

To flush all other console input (e.g. unknown buffered chars) you can do:

FlushConsoleInputBuffer(GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE));

Is there a way to cause, say, some termination
code in the thread doing processing to unblock std::cin when it is no longer
needed or is there perhaps a better way to use .in_avail()?


Usually, under these circumstances, you would wait for signals on two
object, std::cin's Windows file handle (get it with
GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE)) and an event object FINISHED. e.g.

HANDLE hFinished = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
//...
HANDLE hStdInput = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
HANDLE const hArray[2] = {hFinished, hStdInput};
bool finished = false;
while (!finished)
{
   DWORD ret = WaitForMultipleObjects(2, hArray, FALSE, INFINITE);
   switch (ret)
   {
   case WAIT_OBJECT_0:
     finished = true;
     return; //finished
   case WAIT_OBJECT_0 + 1:
     {
       char c;
       if (std::cin.get(c))
       {
         //deal with c
       }
       //flush everything else?
       std::cin.ignore(std::cin.rdbuf()->in_avail());
       FlushConsoleInputBuffer(hStdInput);
     }

     break;
   default:
     //error handling
   }
}

The code to exit should call:
SetEvent(hFinished);

Tom

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