Re: What is the standard's scope for #define?

From:
Victor Bazarov <v.Abazarov@comAcast.net>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Tue, 16 Jun 2009 11:22:26 -0400
Message-ID:
<h18d9r$tiu$1@news.datemas.de>
Pep wrote:

lol, this is kinda embarrassing.

I have been programming on nix using c++ for more years than I can
remember but have now hit a problem that challenges what I thought was
true. I have tried googling for the answer but cannot find a
definitive one, pardon the pun :)

So my problem is one of understanding the validity of #define pre-
processor defines across source files.


No such thing. Preprocessor definitions only "live" while your
preprocessor is engaged preprocessing one translation unit.

 > I thought that if you #define

in a cpp implementation file, it will be honored in the #include
interface file. This has always worked like this for years. Now I come
to build code on windows and find that my knowledge is wrong :O

So a sample snippet to illustrate my question involves these 2 files

============================================== interface.h
#ifndef __IMPLEMENTATION__
#define __IMPLEMENTATION__


It is better to avoid double underscores in your own macros. I use the
macro in the form

     INCLUDED_{myheadername}_H

Here your macro would be

     INCLUDED_INTERFACE_H

#ifndef DEFINE_VARS
extern const char externalString[];
#else
const char externalString[] = "an extern std::string";
#endif


Another #endif is missing here, I believe.

============================================== other.cc
#include "interface.h"

... some code ...
============================================== implementation.cc
#define DEFINE_VARS
#include "interface.h"

int main(int argc, char** argv)


Since you're not using 'argc' or 'argv', you might want to use the
shorter version of 'main':

    int main()

{
    return;
}

==============================================

Now based on the fact that I have #define DEFINE_VARS in
implementation.cc, I would expect interface.h to provide the extern
definitions and the declarations other.cc.

This works with g++ but not with Microsoft's compiler.


What indication do you get that it doesn't work with MS compiler?

 > With the MS

compiler I need to add /D DEFINE_VARS to the compile command line
parameters for this to work.


Possibly the side effect of precompiled headers feature. Try turning it
off.

I stumbled upon a reference for c++ that clearly states that the MS
version is correct, which surprises me.


Huh? Stumbled? Where?

 > So in order for me to continue

with a clean conscience, can anyone confirm which is the correct
method, though I now suspect the answer is the MS way.


It is not strictly necessary, but you could try rewriting the
conditional block in your header to read

extern const char externalString[];
#ifdef DEFINE_VARS
   const char externalString[] = "an extern std::string";
#endif

IOW, declare it extern always and then define it only if the macro is
defined.

P.S.
I have asked a couple of other C++ developers that have been
developing as long as me and none thought the MS way was correct but
they, like me, are nix developers :)


Well, we've all been Unix developers at some point, so don't be
embarrassed by it [too much] <g>

V
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