Re: construction order w/ virtual base classes

From:
James Kanze <james.kanze@gmail.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Wed, 25 Aug 2010 02:33:26 -0700 (PDT)
Message-ID:
<f5a5e5dd-31b5-400c-83b0-661af627e38f@d8g2000yqf.googlegroups.com>
On Aug 24, 5:40 pm, coltrane <tendenga...@yahoo.com> wrote:

On 8/24/2010 12:33 PM, James Kanze wrote:>

In a very real sense, a virtual base belongs to the entire
hierarchy, and not just the classes which declare it as
base.


I guess this says it all. So a virtual base class, no matter
where in the hierarchy it is, is constructed first.


First, and by the most derived class. Beware of things like:

    class VB
    {
    protected:
        VB(int); // So no default ctor...
    };

    class L : public virtual VB
    {
    public:
        L() : VB(1) {}
    };

    class R : public virtual VB
    {
    public:
        R() : VB(2) {}
    };

    class D : public L, public R
    {
    public:
        D() {}
    };

This won't compile, because VB's constructor will be called by
D: since D doesn't specify anything, it will try to use the
default constructor, which doesn't exist. (And in this
hierarchy, the initialization of VB in L and R is never actually
used.)

As a general rule, this isn't a problem; virtual bases normally
define interfaces, and as such, have no data (and thus a default
constructor).

--
James Kanze

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