Re: declaring constant array without initializing all the elements

From:
James Kanze <james.kanze@gmail.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Tue, 4 Mar 2008 04:37:29 -0800 (PST)
Message-ID:
<188f64bb-0028-45f0-a907-4dba6469cb1b@e6g2000prf.googlegroups.com>
On Mar 4, 11:09 am, Lionel B <m...@privacy.net> wrote:

On Tue, 04 Mar 2008 00:39:50 -0800, James Kanze wrote:

On Mar 3, 4:30 pm, Lionel B <m...@privacy.net> wrote:

    [...]

Now one thing you can do is

const int const_arr = [20] = { 2, 3, 6, 11, 18, ... } // you have=

 to

explicitly initialize the array with the 20 elements


As I understood it, the OP explicitly required that the array elements
"... be calculated using an equation", so I suspect that this would not=

work for them.


If the equation is known at compile time, it's pretty easy
to write a program which will generate the definition of the
array, with all of its initializers. I do this a lot
(although I do remember having problems with it in one case:
the array contained a couple of million members, and the
compiler wouldn't handle it.)


I guess that would rule out template meta-programming too :-)


It depends on the context. I use template meta-programming when
it's the simplest solution to the problem. I use an external
program to generate the code when that's the simplest solution.
Typically, the difference is when the solution requires some
internal knowledge of the C++ program: types, etc. That's only
readily available from within the compiler, so template
meta-programming is called for. Evaluating expressions like
his, however, is far more easily done in a separate program.

One technique which might be made to work if the initialisation
function were simple/suitable, would be some template meta-programming
trick, where you get the compiler to perform the calculation, the
canonical example being a compile-time calculated factorial:

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/C%2B%2B_Programming/Template/


Template_Meta-Programming#Example:_Compile-time_Factorial

This would be total overkill, though, I suspect.


It's a nice trick for obfuscation,


There's a rather simple solution to that: it's called
"documentation".


Doing things the hard way when there is a much simpler solution
is obfuscation. Regardless of the documentation. He wants each
element initialized with 2*i*i, where i is the index. Nothing
you can do in template meta-programming will be anywhere near as
clear as:
    for ( int i = 0 ; i != limit ; ++ i ) {
        dest << 2*i*i << ',' ;
    }

but generating the code with a separate program is a lot
easier and more readable.


Hmm... yes, if having a whole new program to maintain (and
document) counts as "a lot easier and more readable".


And your template meta-program is what, if it isn't a "whole new
program". The difference is that my new program is written in a
language designed from the start for such programs, and is
expressed simply and elegantly in a separate source file, and
not embedded somewhere in the middle of the sources for the
program it's supposed to be generating.

On the whole I think I'd prefer the const reference array
solution from your other post; I suspect that the OP might be
happy with a const lvalue for array access.


The simplest solution is probably the specialized iterators used
to initialize std::vector. Something like:

    std::vector< int > v(
            boost::make_transform_iterator(
                    boost::make_counting_iterator( 0 ), X() ),
            boost::make_transform_iterator(
                    boost::make_counting_iterator( 10 ), X() ) ) ;

, where X is:

    struct X : public std::unary_function< int, int >
    {
        int operator()( int i ) const { return 2*i*i ; }
    } ;

(You could also write:

    std::vector< int > v(
            boost::make_transform_iterator(
                boost::make_counting_iterator( 0 ),
                boost::bind( std::multiplies< int >(), 2,
                     boost::bind( std::multiplies< int >(), _1,
_1 ) ) ),
            boost::make_transform_iterator(
                boost::make_counting_iterator( 10 ),
                boost::bind( std::multiplies< int >(), 2,
                     boost::bind( std::multiplies< int >(), _1,
_1 ) ) ) ) ;

, without the extra class, and I suspect that boost::lambda
would work in this case as well. In the absense of a true
lambda, however, I think I'd go with the extra class.)

--
James Kanze (GABI Software) email:james.kanze@gmail.com
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