Re: Virtual operator overloads don't seem to work?

From:
Sam <sam@email-scan.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Thu, 23 Oct 2008 06:03:58 -0500
Message-ID:
<cone.1224759838.251983.7004.500@commodore.email-scan.com>
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Stuart Brockman writes:

On 22 Oct, 23:29, Sam <s...@email-scan.com> wrote:

Stuart Brockman writes:

Hi,
I don't quite get what is going on in this code example:

---------------------------
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Base{
public:
      virtual void Test(){
            cout << "Base" << endl;
      }

      virtual bool operator==(const Base &other){
            cout << "Base Comparison" << endl;
            return false;
      }
};

class Derived : public Base{
public:
      void Test(){
            cout << "Derived" << endl;
      }

      bool operator==(const Derived &other){
            cout << "Derived Comparison" << endl;
            return true;
      }
};

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
      Base a; //Create a base ob=

ject

      a.Test(); //Outputs "Base" as exp=

ected

      Derived b, c; //Create two derived objects
      b.Test(); //Outputs "Derived" as =

expected

      if(b==c) cout << "True" << endl; //Do=

es derived comparison and

returns true as expected.
      Base *d=&b, *e=&c; //Create two base pointer=

s to derived objects

      d->Test(); //Outputs "Derived" as =

expected

      if(*d==*e) cout << "True" << endl; //Does ba=

se comparison and

returns false!?
      return 0;
}
----------------------------
The output is:

Base
Derived
Derived Comparison
True
Derived
Base Comparison

Notice, that the line "d->Test()" works correctly, but the compariso=

n

on the next line does not. The compiler (g++ (GCC) 4.2.3 (Ubuntu
4.2.3-2ubuntu7) ) seems to be ignoring the virtual-ness of
Base::operator== .


That's because "bool operator==(const Derived &)" does not polymor=

phically

overload "bool operator==(const Base &)". In a derived class, the =

function's

signature must match the base class's virtual function, in order for i=

t to

be polymorphically overloaded (the function parameters must match). In =

your

case, above, you have two different functions, no different that void =

foo()

and void bar(). One does not overload the other.

                              =

     Is this correct?

Yes.

                              =

                              Hav=
e I made a mistake?

Yes, but a very natural one.

  application_pgp-signature_part
< 1KViewDownload

 
Ahh... I see... So what should I change Derived::operator== to?
Clearly it would have to have a signature of bool
Derived::operator==(const Base &other), but how do I make sure that =

I

get correct behavior when doing a "Derived==Base" (I would prefer t=

hat

Base::operator== was called in this case)?


It depends on what your real intentions are. There are several ways of do=
ing
that. You can define both operator==() functions in the derived class=
, and
provide the appropriate logic, optionally define operator==(const Der=
ived &)
as a virtual function in the base class also. And, you can always use
dynamic_cast<>() to determine whether your const Base & object is actuall=
y
Derived. There are several ways of doing this, depending on what exactly =
you
need to do.

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