Re: Modification of trailing null character in std::basic_string

From:
=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Daniel_Kr=FCgler?= <daniel.kruegler@googlemail.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++.moderated
Date:
Wed, 28 Mar 2012 12:13:36 -0700 (PDT)
Message-ID:
<jkvljn$31q$1@dont-email.me>
{Please do not overquote -mod/we}

Am 28.03.2012 19:55, schrieb Nikolay Ivchenkov:

According to N3376 - 21.4.5/2

     reference operator[](size_type pos);

     Returns: *(begin() + pos) if pos< size(). Otherwise, returns a
     reference to an object of type charT with value charT(), where
     modifying the object leads to undefined behavior.

If my understanding of this rule is correct, we can't safely assign
zero value to the trailing null character in a string object, even
if the string is non-empty:

1)
     std::string s;
     char&c = s[0]; // well-defined
     assert(c == '\0'); // succeeds
     c = '\0'; // undefined
2)
     std::string s = "text";
     char&c = s[s.size()]; // well-defined
     assert(c == '\0'); // succeeds
     c = '\0'; // undefined


This interpretation is correct, yes.

and the following implementation of get_window_text_w is not
well-defined:

     #include<string>
     #include<windows.h>

     std::wstring get_window_text_w(HWND hwnd)
     {
         std::wstring result;
         result.resize(GetWindowTextLengthW(hwnd));
         GetWindowTextW(hwnd,&result[0], result.size() + 1);
         return result;
     }

(here GetWindowTextW assigns zero value to the trailing null
character), so we need to use extra character for such C API calls:

     std::wstring get_window_text_w(HWND hwnd)
     {
         std::wstring result;
         result.resize(GetWindowTextLengthW(hwnd) + 1);
         GetWindowTextW(hwnd,&result[0], result.size());
         result.pop_back();
         return result;
     }

Did I miss something?


No, the current wording is intended to have these (undefined) effects. A
valid implementation could e.g. use the same constant char object as a
common null character for all empty strings.

HTH & Greetings from Bremen,

Daniel Kr??gler

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