Re: segmentation fault...

From:
Robert Bauck Hamar <roberth+news@ifi.uio.no>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Mon, 23 Jul 2007 20:17:14 +0200
Message-ID:
<f82rba$jd6$1@readme.uio.no>
Fei Liu wrote:

What's wrong with the following code? It seems I can't assign to a
vector<string> element...


You have no elements to assign to. I believe you don't understand what
reserve() actually does, it does not create any elements, it only reserves
space for them. Try using a.at(i) instead of a[i].

What you really want is the resize() member function of vector.

#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
#include <functional>
#include <string>


#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

struct c{
     vector<string> a;
     void set_size(int n) { a.reserve(n); }
     void set_val(int i, string v) { a[i] = v; }
};

void foo(c & cc){
     cc.set_size(10);
     cc.set_val(3, "value 3");
}

int main(){

     vector<int> a;
     a.reserve(10);


a.size() == 0

     a[3] = 10;


Undefined behaviour. Use
a.at(3) = 10;

     copy(a.begin(), a.end(), ostream_iterator<int>(cout, " "));


OK. a.begin() == a.end()

     cout << "a[3]: " << a[3] << endl;


UB.

     {
         vector<string> a;
         a.reserve(10);


a.size() == 0

         a[3] = "value 3";


Undefined behaviour. While the previous errors are also undefined behaviour,
i guess this is what actually _caused_ the crash? A likely reason is that
a[3] returns some raw memory, on which no string has been constructed.

         copy(a.begin(), a.end(), ostream_iterator<string>(cout, " "));


again, a.begin() == a.end(), so this is a no-op.

         cout << "a[3]: " << a[3] << endl;


But this is UB again.

     }

     c cc;
     foo(cc);


And UB.

}


--
rbh

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