Re: how to prefer one template function over the other

From:
=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Daniel_Kr=FCgler?= <daniel.kruegler@googlemail.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++.moderated
Date:
Wed, 25 May 2011 01:47:31 CST
Message-ID:
<iri5sb$e71$1@dont-email.me>
On 2011-05-25 02:28, Brendan Miller wrote:

I have these two template functions and a related utility type:

template <typename Dummy, typename T>
struct second_type {
typedef T type;
};

template <typename T>
bool is_back_insertion_seq() {
return false;
}

// Using SFINAE to disable this function for non-back-insertion
// sequences.
template <typename T>
typename second_type<
decltype(T().push_back(
typename iterator_traits<decltype(
T().begin())>::value_type())),
bool>::type
is_back_insertion_seq() {
return true;
}

If I call is_back_insertion_seq<vector<int> >() I want the second form
to be called.

However, actually when I call is_back_insertion_seq<vector<int> >(), the
compiler errors out, as the call is ambiguous.

Is there a trick to make one overload preferable to the other if the two
are ambiguous?


Sure. One way to realize that is to add different function parameters
and a call expression with some argument such that one overload would be
preferred. Here is an example that uses this technique:

#include <type_traits>
#include <iterator>

template<class T>
struct is_back_insertion_seq_trait_impl
{
   template<class U,
     class = decltype(U().push_back(
                 typename std::iterator_traits<decltype(
                               U().begin())>::value_type()))
   >
   static std::true_type test(int);

   template<class>
   static std::false_type test(...);

   typedef decltype(is_back_insertion_seq_trait_impl::test<T>(0)) type;
};

template<class T>
struct is_back_insertion_seq_trait :
   is_back_insertion_seq_trait_impl<T>::type
{
};

template <typename T>
typename std::enable_if<!is_back_insertion_seq_trait<T>::value, bool>::type
is_back_insertion_seq() {
    return false;
}

template <typename T>
typename std::enable_if<is_back_insertion_seq_trait<T>::value, bool>::type
is_back_insertion_seq() {
    return true;
}

You may notice that within is_back_insertion_seq_trait_impl the two test
functions are provided. The second overload is less preferred compared
to the second one in overload resolution. Technically this is so,
because a standard conversion sequence is a better conversion sequence
than an ellipsis conversion sequence ([over.ics.rank]).

Let me add that I suggest to use std::declval instead of
value-initialization in your decltype usage, because there does not
exist a fundamental requirement, that a back insertion sequence is
default-constructible.

HTH & Greetings from Bremen,

Daniel Kr?gler

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