Re: An kind of member function name scope specification

From:
James Kanze <james.kanze@gmail.com>
Newsgroups:
comp.lang.c++
Date:
Mon, 27 Apr 2009 00:58:38 -0700 (PDT)
Message-ID:
<c7f85d1f-5191-4f15-a6ec-3e52ad9c7e8b@v1g2000prd.googlegroups.com>
On Apr 27, 1:08 am, r...@zedat.fu-berlin.de (Stefan Ram) wrote:

Ian Collins <ian-n...@hotmail.com> writes:

public:
Account( double const balance );
double balance(); };

No too big a deal here, but in general geters are a design
smell.


  Yes, but I do not see a getter here. Let me explain why:

  I have quoted the public interface of the class above.

  It misses an important feature: documentation.

  So I will add that document now in the way the names
  suggest:

      - The constructor initializes a new account with
        an opening balance as the argument.

      - The function =BBbalance=AB returns the current balance
        of the account.

  No mentioning of private fields in the documentation.

  So a client/caller/reader of this interface can not know
  whether this function returns the value of a private field
  or obtains the balance using some other means. He does not
  know which fields an object of this class has. Therefore, I
  do not deem =BBbalance=AB to be a getter, just a non-void
  function.


I wonder if both you and Ian aren't confusing design level and
implementation level a bit. From a design level, an Account
certainly "hasA" balance (or currentBalance, or whatever), and
that balance is a value, not a behavior. At the design level,
some classes really are just glorified data containers, some are
pure behavior, and some are a mixture of the two (although I
find the latter occur fairly rarely). At the design level, I
can't find anything to say against a class Account which
contains a function balance() (or getBalance(), depending on the
coding guidelines---but I prefer balance(), because it is
logically an attribute).

At the implementation level, of course, whether the class has a
private member, which the function simply returns, or does
something else, is irrelevant. (We use the function, rather
than a public data member, precisely to keep it irrelevant.)

  I would see a getter, if the documentation would read
  instead:

      - Each object of this class has a field named =BBbalance_=AB.
        The function =BBbalance=AB returns the value of this field.


Which is, precisely, an example of confounding an implementation
detail and a design aspect (in this case, the contract). The
class has an attribute balance. It may be implemented by a
single private variable, or not. But that's none of the client
code's business.

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